crypto/dh/dh.c

/* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This package is an SSL implementation written
 * by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
 * The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
 *
 * This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
 * the following conditions are aheared to.  The following conditions
 * apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
 * lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code.  The SSL documentation
 * included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
 * except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
 *
 * Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
 * the code are not to be removed.
 * If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
 * as the author of the parts of the library used.
 * This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
 * in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *    "This product includes cryptographic software written by
 *     Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
 *    The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
 *    being used are not cryptographic related :-).
 * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from
 *    the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
 *    "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
 * derivative of this code cannot be changed.  i.e. this code cannot simply be
 * copied and put under another distribution licence
 * [including the GNU Public Licence.] */

#include <openssl/dh.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <openssl/bn.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/ex_data.h>
#include <openssl/mem.h>
#include <openssl/thread.h>

#include "../internal.h"


#define OPENSSL_DH_MAX_MODULUS_BITS 10000

static CRYPTO_EX_DATA_CLASS g_ex_data_class = CRYPTO_EX_DATA_CLASS_INIT;

DH *DH_new(void) {
  DH *dh = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(DH));
  if (dh == NULL) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DH, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
    return NULL;
  }

  OPENSSL_memset(dh, 0, sizeof(DH));

  CRYPTO_MUTEX_init(&dh->method_mont_p_lock);

  dh->references = 1;
  CRYPTO_new_ex_data(&dh->ex_data);

  return dh;
}

void DH_free(DH *dh) {
  if (dh == NULL) {
    return;
  }

  if (!CRYPTO_refcount_dec_and_test_zero(&dh->references)) {
    return;
  }

  CRYPTO_free_ex_data(&g_ex_data_class, dh, &dh->ex_data);

  BN_MONT_CTX_free(dh->method_mont_p);
  BN_clear_free(dh->p);
  BN_clear_free(dh->g);
  BN_clear_free(dh->q);
  BN_clear_free(dh->j);
  OPENSSL_free(dh->seed);
  BN_clear_free(dh->counter);
  BN_clear_free(dh->pub_key);
  BN_clear_free(dh->priv_key);
  CRYPTO_MUTEX_cleanup(&dh->method_mont_p_lock);

  OPENSSL_free(dh);
}

void DH_get0_key(const DH *dh, const BIGNUM **out_pub_key,
                 const BIGNUM **out_priv_key) {
  if (out_pub_key != NULL) {
    *out_pub_key = dh->pub_key;
  }
  if (out_priv_key != NULL) {
    *out_priv_key = dh->priv_key;
  }
}

int DH_set0_key(DH *dh, BIGNUM *pub_key, BIGNUM *priv_key) {
  if (pub_key != NULL) {
    BN_free(dh->pub_key);
    dh->pub_key = pub_key;
  }

  if (priv_key != NULL) {
    BN_free(dh->priv_key);
    dh->priv_key = priv_key;
  }

  return 1;
}

void DH_get0_pqg(const DH *dh, const BIGNUM **out_p, const BIGNUM **out_q,
                 const BIGNUM **out_g) {
  if (out_p != NULL) {
    *out_p = dh->p;
  }
  if (out_q != NULL) {
    *out_q = dh->q;
  }
  if (out_g != NULL) {
    *out_g = dh->g;
  }
}

int DH_set0_pqg(DH *dh, BIGNUM *p, BIGNUM *q, BIGNUM *g) {
  if ((dh->p == NULL && p == NULL) ||
      (dh->g == NULL && g == NULL)) {
    return 0;
  }

  if (p != NULL) {
    BN_free(dh->p);
    dh->p = p;
  }

  if (q != NULL) {
    BN_free(dh->q);
    dh->q = q;
  }

  if (g != NULL) {
    BN_free(dh->g);
    dh->g = g;
  }

  return 1;
}

int DH_generate_parameters_ex(DH *dh, int prime_bits, int generator, BN_GENCB *cb) {
  // We generate DH parameters as follows
  // find a prime q which is prime_bits/2 bits long.
  // p=(2*q)+1 or (p-1)/2 = q
  // For this case, g is a generator if
  // g^((p-1)/q) mod p != 1 for values of q which are the factors of p-1.
  // Since the factors of p-1 are q and 2, we just need to check
  // g^2 mod p != 1 and g^q mod p != 1.
  //
  // Having said all that,
  // there is another special case method for the generators 2, 3 and 5.
  // for 2, p mod 24 == 11
  // for 3, p mod 12 == 5  <<<<< does not work for safe primes.
  // for 5, p mod 10 == 3 or 7
  //
  // Thanks to Phil Karn <karn@qualcomm.com> for the pointers about the
  // special generators and for answering some of my questions.
  //
  // I've implemented the second simple method :-).
  // Since DH should be using a safe prime (both p and q are prime),
  // this generator function can take a very very long time to run.

  // Actually there is no reason to insist that 'generator' be a generator.
  // It's just as OK (and in some sense better) to use a generator of the
  // order-q subgroup.

  BIGNUM *t1, *t2;
  int g, ok = 0;
  BN_CTX *ctx = NULL;

  ctx = BN_CTX_new();
  if (ctx == NULL) {
    goto err;
  }
  BN_CTX_start(ctx);
  t1 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
  t2 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
  if (t1 == NULL || t2 == NULL) {
    goto err;
  }

  // Make sure |dh| has the necessary elements
  if (dh->p == NULL) {
    dh->p = BN_new();
    if (dh->p == NULL) {
      goto err;
    }
  }
  if (dh->g == NULL) {
    dh->g = BN_new();
    if (dh->g == NULL) {
      goto err;
    }
  }

  if (generator <= 1) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DH, DH_R_BAD_GENERATOR);
    goto err;
  }
  if (generator == DH_GENERATOR_2) {
    if (!BN_set_word(t1, 24)) {
      goto err;
    }
    if (!BN_set_word(t2, 11)) {
      goto err;
    }
    g = 2;
  } else if (generator == DH_GENERATOR_5) {
    if (!BN_set_word(t1, 10)) {
      goto err;
    }
    if (!BN_set_word(t2, 3)) {
      goto err;
    }
    // BN_set_word(t3,7); just have to miss
    // out on these ones :-(
    g = 5;
  } else {
    // in the general case, don't worry if 'generator' is a
    // generator or not: since we are using safe primes,
    // it will generate either an order-q or an order-2q group,
    // which both is OK
    if (!BN_set_word(t1, 2)) {
      goto err;
    }
    if (!BN_set_word(t2, 1)) {
      goto err;
    }
    g = generator;
  }

  if (!BN_generate_prime_ex(dh->p, prime_bits, 1, t1, t2, cb)) {
    goto err;
  }
  if (!BN_GENCB_call(cb, 3, 0)) {
    goto err;
  }
  if (!BN_set_word(dh->g, g)) {
    goto err;
  }
  ok = 1;

err:
  if (!ok) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DH, ERR_R_BN_LIB);
  }

  if (ctx != NULL) {
    BN_CTX_end(ctx);
    BN_CTX_free(ctx);
  }
  return ok;
}

int DH_generate_key(DH *dh) {
  int ok = 0;
  int generate_new_key = 0;
  BN_CTX *ctx = NULL;
  BIGNUM *pub_key = NULL, *priv_key = NULL;

  if (BN_num_bits(dh->p) > OPENSSL_DH_MAX_MODULUS_BITS) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DH, DH_R_MODULUS_TOO_LARGE);
    goto err;
  }

  ctx = BN_CTX_new();
  if (ctx == NULL) {
    goto err;
  }

  if (dh->priv_key == NULL) {
    priv_key = BN_new();
    if (priv_key == NULL) {
      goto err;
    }
    generate_new_key = 1;
  } else {
    priv_key = dh->priv_key;
  }

  if (dh->pub_key == NULL) {
    pub_key = BN_new();
    if (pub_key == NULL) {
      goto err;
    }
  } else {
    pub_key = dh->pub_key;
  }

  if (!BN_MONT_CTX_set_locked(&dh->method_mont_p, &dh->method_mont_p_lock,
                              dh->p, ctx)) {
    goto err;
  }

  if (generate_new_key) {
    if (dh->q) {
      if (!BN_rand_range_ex(priv_key, 2, dh->q)) {
        goto err;
      }
    } else {
      // secret exponent length
      unsigned priv_bits = dh->priv_length;
      if (priv_bits == 0) {
        const unsigned p_bits = BN_num_bits(dh->p);
        if (p_bits == 0) {
          goto err;
        }

        priv_bits = p_bits - 1;
      }

      if (!BN_rand(priv_key, priv_bits, BN_RAND_TOP_ONE, BN_RAND_BOTTOM_ANY)) {
        goto err;
      }
    }
  }

  if (!BN_mod_exp_mont_consttime(pub_key, dh->g, priv_key, dh->p, ctx,
                                 dh->method_mont_p)) {
    goto err;
  }

  dh->pub_key = pub_key;
  dh->priv_key = priv_key;
  ok = 1;

err:
  if (ok != 1) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DH, ERR_R_BN_LIB);
  }

  if (dh->pub_key == NULL) {
    BN_free(pub_key);
  }
  if (dh->priv_key == NULL) {
    BN_free(priv_key);
  }
  BN_CTX_free(ctx);
  return ok;
}

int DH_compute_key(unsigned char *out, const BIGNUM *peers_key, DH *dh) {
  BN_CTX *ctx = NULL;
  BIGNUM *shared_key;
  int ret = -1;
  int check_result;

  if (BN_num_bits(dh->p) > OPENSSL_DH_MAX_MODULUS_BITS) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DH, DH_R_MODULUS_TOO_LARGE);
    goto err;
  }

  ctx = BN_CTX_new();
  if (ctx == NULL) {
    goto err;
  }
  BN_CTX_start(ctx);
  shared_key = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
  if (shared_key == NULL) {
    goto err;
  }

  if (dh->priv_key == NULL) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DH, DH_R_NO_PRIVATE_VALUE);
    goto err;
  }

  if (!BN_MONT_CTX_set_locked(&dh->method_mont_p, &dh->method_mont_p_lock,
                              dh->p, ctx)) {
    goto err;
  }

  if (!DH_check_pub_key(dh, peers_key, &check_result) || check_result) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DH, DH_R_INVALID_PUBKEY);
    goto err;
  }

  if (!BN_mod_exp_mont_consttime(shared_key, peers_key, dh->priv_key, dh->p,
                                 ctx, dh->method_mont_p)) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DH, ERR_R_BN_LIB);
    goto err;
  }

  ret = BN_bn2bin(shared_key, out);

err:
  if (ctx != NULL) {
    BN_CTX_end(ctx);
    BN_CTX_free(ctx);
  }

  return ret;
}

int DH_size(const DH *dh) { return BN_num_bytes(dh->p); }

unsigned DH_num_bits(const DH *dh) { return BN_num_bits(dh->p); }

int DH_up_ref(DH *dh) {
  CRYPTO_refcount_inc(&dh->references);
  return 1;
}

static int int_dh_bn_cpy(BIGNUM **dst, const BIGNUM *src) {
  BIGNUM *a = NULL;

  if (src) {
    a = BN_dup(src);
    if (!a) {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  BN_free(*dst);
  *dst = a;
  return 1;
}

static int int_dh_param_copy(DH *to, const DH *from, int is_x942) {
  if (is_x942 == -1) {
    is_x942 = !!from->q;
  }
  if (!int_dh_bn_cpy(&to->p, from->p) ||
      !int_dh_bn_cpy(&to->g, from->g)) {
    return 0;
  }

  if (!is_x942) {
    return 1;
  }

  if (!int_dh_bn_cpy(&to->q, from->q) ||
      !int_dh_bn_cpy(&to->j, from->j)) {
    return 0;
  }

  OPENSSL_free(to->seed);
  to->seed = NULL;
  to->seedlen = 0;

  if (from->seed) {
    to->seed = OPENSSL_memdup(from->seed, from->seedlen);
    if (!to->seed) {
      return 0;
    }
    to->seedlen = from->seedlen;
  }

  return 1;
}

DH *DHparams_dup(const DH *dh) {
  DH *ret = DH_new();
  if (!ret) {
    return NULL;
  }

  if (!int_dh_param_copy(ret, dh, -1)) {
    DH_free(ret);
    return NULL;
  }

  return ret;
}

int DH_get_ex_new_index(long argl, void *argp, CRYPTO_EX_unused *unused,
                        CRYPTO_EX_dup *dup_unused, CRYPTO_EX_free *free_func) {
  int index;
  if (!CRYPTO_get_ex_new_index(&g_ex_data_class, &index, argl, argp,
                               free_func)) {
    return -1;
  }
  return index;
}

int DH_set_ex_data(DH *d, int idx, void *arg) {
  return CRYPTO_set_ex_data(&d->ex_data, idx, arg);
}

void *DH_get_ex_data(DH *d, int idx) {
  return CRYPTO_get_ex_data(&d->ex_data, idx);
}