// Copyright 2014 The BoringSSL Authors
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

#include <openssl/evp.h>

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <utility>
#include <vector>

#include <gtest/gtest.h>

#include <openssl/bytestring.h>
#include <openssl/crypto.h>
#include <openssl/dh.h>
#include <openssl/digest.h>
#include <openssl/ec.h>
#include <openssl/ec_key.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/params.h>
#include <openssl/pkcs8.h>
#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#include <openssl/span.h>

#include "../internal.h"
#include "../test/test_util.h"


BSSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
namespace {

// kExampleRSAKeyDER is an RSA private key in ASN.1, DER format. Of course, you
// should never use this key anywhere but in an example.
static const uint8_t kExampleRSAKeyDER[] = {
    0x30, 0x82, 0x02, 0x5c, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0x81, 0x81, 0x00, 0xf8,
    0xb8, 0x6c, 0x83, 0xb4, 0xbc, 0xd9, 0xa8, 0x57, 0xc0, 0xa5, 0xb4, 0x59,
    0x76, 0x8c, 0x54, 0x1d, 0x79, 0xeb, 0x22, 0x52, 0x04, 0x7e, 0xd3, 0x37,
    0xeb, 0x41, 0xfd, 0x83, 0xf9, 0xf0, 0xa6, 0x85, 0x15, 0x34, 0x75, 0x71,
    0x5a, 0x84, 0xa8, 0x3c, 0xd2, 0xef, 0x5a, 0x4e, 0xd3, 0xde, 0x97, 0x8a,
    0xdd, 0xff, 0xbb, 0xcf, 0x0a, 0xaa, 0x86, 0x92, 0xbe, 0xb8, 0x50, 0xe4,
    0xcd, 0x6f, 0x80, 0x33, 0x30, 0x76, 0x13, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x7b, 0xdc, 0xec,
    0x5a, 0xca, 0x63, 0xc7, 0x03, 0x25, 0xef, 0xa8, 0x8a, 0x83, 0x58, 0x76,
    0x20, 0xfa, 0x16, 0x77, 0xd7, 0x79, 0x92, 0x63, 0x01, 0x48, 0x1a, 0xd8,
    0x7b, 0x67, 0xf1, 0x52, 0x55, 0x49, 0x4e, 0xd6, 0x6e, 0x4a, 0x5c, 0xd7,
    0x7a, 0x37, 0x36, 0x0c, 0xde, 0xdd, 0x8f, 0x44, 0xe8, 0xc2, 0xa7, 0x2c,
    0x2b, 0xb5, 0xaf, 0x64, 0x4b, 0x61, 0x07, 0x02, 0x03, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01,
    0x02, 0x81, 0x80, 0x74, 0x88, 0x64, 0x3f, 0x69, 0x45, 0x3a, 0x6d, 0xc7,
    0x7f, 0xb9, 0xa3, 0xc0, 0x6e, 0xec, 0xdc, 0xd4, 0x5a, 0xb5, 0x32, 0x85,
    0x5f, 0x19, 0xd4, 0xf8, 0xd4, 0x3f, 0x3c, 0xfa, 0xc2, 0xf6, 0x5f, 0xee,
    0xe6, 0xba, 0x87, 0x74, 0x2e, 0xc7, 0x0c, 0xd4, 0x42, 0xb8, 0x66, 0x85,
    0x9c, 0x7b, 0x24, 0x61, 0xaa, 0x16, 0x11, 0xf6, 0xb5, 0xb6, 0xa4, 0x0a,
    0xc9, 0x55, 0x2e, 0x81, 0xa5, 0x47, 0x61, 0xcb, 0x25, 0x8f, 0xc2, 0x15,
    0x7b, 0x0e, 0x7c, 0x36, 0x9f, 0x3a, 0xda, 0x58, 0x86, 0x1c, 0x5b, 0x83,
    0x79, 0xe6, 0x2b, 0xcc, 0xe6, 0xfa, 0x2c, 0x61, 0xf2, 0x78, 0x80, 0x1b,
    0xe2, 0xf3, 0x9d, 0x39, 0x2b, 0x65, 0x57, 0x91, 0x3d, 0x71, 0x99, 0x73,
    0xa5, 0xc2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x8c, 0x07, 0x4f, 0xe5, 0xb4, 0x60, 0x1f, 0x99,
    0xa2, 0xb1, 0x4f, 0x0c, 0xef, 0xbc, 0x59, 0x53, 0x00, 0x7d, 0xb1, 0x02,
    0x41, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x7e, 0x23, 0x65, 0x70, 0xf8, 0xce, 0xd3, 0x40, 0x41,
    0x80, 0x6a, 0x1d, 0x01, 0xd6, 0x01, 0xff, 0xb6, 0x1b, 0x3d, 0x3d, 0x59,
    0x09, 0x33, 0x79, 0xc0, 0x4f, 0xde, 0x96, 0x27, 0x4b, 0x18, 0xc6, 0xd9,
    0x78, 0xf1, 0xf4, 0x35, 0x46, 0xe9, 0x7c, 0x42, 0x7a, 0x5d, 0x9f, 0xef,
    0x54, 0xb8, 0xf7, 0x9f, 0xc4, 0x33, 0x6c, 0xf3, 0x8c, 0x32, 0x46, 0x87,
    0x67, 0x30, 0x7b, 0xa7, 0xac, 0xe3, 0x02, 0x41, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x2c, 0xdf,
    0x0c, 0x0d, 0x88, 0xf5, 0xb1, 0x92, 0xa8, 0x93, 0x47, 0x63, 0x55, 0xf5,
    0xca, 0x58, 0x43, 0xba, 0x1c, 0xe5, 0x9e, 0xb6, 0x95, 0x05, 0xcd, 0xb5,
    0x82, 0xdf, 0xeb, 0x04, 0x53, 0x9d, 0xbd, 0xc2, 0x38, 0x16, 0xb3, 0x62,
    0xdd, 0xa1, 0x46, 0xdb, 0x6d, 0x97, 0x93, 0x9f, 0x8a, 0xc3, 0x9b, 0x64,
    0x7e, 0x42, 0xe3, 0x32, 0x57, 0x19, 0x1b, 0xd5, 0x6e, 0x85, 0xfa, 0xb8,
    0x8d, 0x02, 0x41, 0x00, 0xbc, 0x3d, 0xde, 0x6d, 0xd6, 0x97, 0xe8, 0xba,
    0x9e, 0x81, 0x37, 0x17, 0xe5, 0xa0, 0x64, 0xc9, 0x00, 0xb7, 0xe7, 0xfe,
    0xf4, 0x29, 0xd9, 0x2e, 0x43, 0x6b, 0x19, 0x20, 0xbd, 0x99, 0x75, 0xe7,
    0x76, 0xf8, 0xd3, 0xae, 0xaf, 0x7e, 0xb8, 0xeb, 0x81, 0xf4, 0x9d, 0xfe,
    0x07, 0x2b, 0x0b, 0x63, 0x0b, 0x5a, 0x55, 0x90, 0x71, 0x7d, 0xf1, 0xdb,
    0xd9, 0xb1, 0x41, 0x41, 0x68, 0x2f, 0x4e, 0x39, 0x02, 0x40, 0x5a, 0x34,
    0x66, 0xd8, 0xf5, 0xe2, 0x7f, 0x18, 0xb5, 0x00, 0x6e, 0x26, 0x84, 0x27,
    0x14, 0x93, 0xfb, 0xfc, 0xc6, 0x0f, 0x5e, 0x27, 0xe6, 0xe1, 0xe9, 0xc0,
    0x8a, 0xe4, 0x34, 0xda, 0xe9, 0xa2, 0x4b, 0x73, 0xbc, 0x8c, 0xb9, 0xba,
    0x13, 0x6c, 0x7a, 0x2b, 0x51, 0x84, 0xa3, 0x4a, 0xe0, 0x30, 0x10, 0x06,
    0x7e, 0xed, 0x17, 0x5a, 0x14, 0x00, 0xc9, 0xef, 0x85, 0xea, 0x52, 0x2c,
    0xbc, 0x65, 0x02, 0x40, 0x51, 0xe3, 0xf2, 0x83, 0x19, 0x9b, 0xc4, 0x1e,
    0x2f, 0x50, 0x3d, 0xdf, 0x5a, 0xa2, 0x18, 0xca, 0x5f, 0x2e, 0x49, 0xaf,
    0x6f, 0xcc, 0xfa, 0x65, 0x77, 0x94, 0xb5, 0xa1, 0x0a, 0xa9, 0xd1, 0x8a,
    0x39, 0x37, 0xf4, 0x0b, 0xa0, 0xd7, 0x82, 0x27, 0x5e, 0xae, 0x17, 0x17,
    0xa1, 0x1e, 0x54, 0x34, 0xbf, 0x6e, 0xc4, 0x8e, 0x99, 0x5d, 0x08, 0xf1,
    0x2d, 0x86, 0x9d, 0xa5, 0x20, 0x1b, 0xe5, 0xdf,
};

static const uint8_t kExampleDSAKeyDER[] = {
    0x30, 0x82, 0x03, 0x56, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0x82, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00,
    0x9e, 0x12, 0xfa, 0xb3, 0xde, 0x12, 0x21, 0x35, 0x01, 0xdd, 0x82, 0xaa,
    0x10, 0xca, 0x2d, 0x10, 0x1d, 0x2d, 0x4e, 0xbf, 0xef, 0x4d, 0x2a, 0x3f,
    0x8d, 0xaa, 0x0f, 0xe0, 0xce, 0xda, 0xd8, 0xd6, 0xaf, 0x85, 0x61, 0x6a,
    0xa2, 0xf3, 0x25, 0x2c, 0x0a, 0x2b, 0x5a, 0x6d, 0xb0, 0x9e, 0x6f, 0x14,
    0x90, 0x0e, 0x0d, 0xdb, 0x83, 0x11, 0x87, 0x6d, 0xd8, 0xf9, 0x66, 0x95,
    0x25, 0xf9, 0x9e, 0xd6, 0x59, 0x49, 0xe1, 0x84, 0xd5, 0x06, 0x47, 0x93,
    0x27, 0x11, 0x69, 0xa2, 0x28, 0x68, 0x0b, 0x95, 0xec, 0x12, 0xf5, 0x9a,
    0x8e, 0x20, 0xb2, 0x1f, 0x2b, 0x58, 0xeb, 0x2a, 0x20, 0x12, 0xd3, 0x5b,
    0xde, 0x2e, 0xe3, 0x51, 0x82, 0x2f, 0xe8, 0xf3, 0x2d, 0x0a, 0x33, 0x05,
    0x65, 0xdc, 0xce, 0x5c, 0x67, 0x2b, 0x72, 0x59, 0xc1, 0x4b, 0x24, 0x33,
    0xd0, 0xb5, 0xb2, 0xca, 0x2b, 0x2d, 0xb0, 0xab, 0x62, 0x6e, 0x8f, 0x13,
    0xf4, 0x7f, 0xe0, 0x34, 0x5d, 0x90, 0x4e, 0x72, 0x94, 0xbb, 0x03, 0x8e,
    0x9c, 0xe2, 0x1a, 0x9e, 0x58, 0x0b, 0x83, 0x35, 0x62, 0x78, 0x70, 0x6c,
    0xfe, 0x76, 0x84, 0x36, 0xc6, 0x9d, 0xe1, 0x49, 0xcc, 0xff, 0x98, 0xb4,
    0xaa, 0xb8, 0xcb, 0x4f, 0x63, 0x85, 0xc9, 0xf1, 0x02, 0xce, 0x59, 0x34,
    0x6e, 0xae, 0xef, 0x27, 0xe0, 0xad, 0x22, 0x2d, 0x53, 0xd6, 0xe8, 0x9c,
    0xc8, 0xcd, 0xe5, 0x77, 0x6d, 0xd0, 0x00, 0x57, 0xb0, 0x3f, 0x2d, 0x88,
    0xab, 0x3c, 0xed, 0xba, 0xfd, 0x7b, 0x58, 0x5f, 0x0b, 0x7f, 0x78, 0x35,
    0xe1, 0x7a, 0x37, 0x28, 0xbb, 0xf2, 0x5e, 0xa6, 0x25, 0x72, 0xf2, 0x45,
    0xdc, 0x11, 0x1f, 0x3c, 0xe3, 0x9c, 0xb6, 0xff, 0xac, 0xc3, 0x1b, 0x0a,
    0x27, 0x90, 0xe7, 0xbd, 0xe9, 0x02, 0x24, 0xea, 0x9b, 0x09, 0x31, 0x53,
    0x62, 0xaf, 0x3d, 0x2b, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xf3, 0x81, 0xdc, 0xf5, 0x3e,
    0xbf, 0x72, 0x4f, 0x8b, 0x2e, 0x5c, 0xa8, 0x2c, 0x01, 0x0f, 0xb4, 0xb5,
    0xed, 0xa9, 0x35, 0x8d, 0x0f, 0xd8, 0x8e, 0xd2, 0x78, 0x58, 0x94, 0x88,
    0xb5, 0x4f, 0xc3, 0x02, 0x82, 0x01, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x40, 0x2a, 0x72, 0x5d,
    0xcc, 0x3a, 0x62, 0xe0, 0x2b, 0xf4, 0xcf, 0x43, 0xcd, 0x17, 0xf4, 0xa4,
    0x93, 0x59, 0x12, 0x20, 0x22, 0x36, 0x69, 0xcf, 0x41, 0x93, 0xed, 0xab,
    0x42, 0x3a, 0xd0, 0x8d, 0xfb, 0x55, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x8a, 0x6a, 0x57, 0xa5,
    0xff, 0xbc, 0x7c, 0xd0, 0xfb, 0x20, 0x87, 0xf8, 0x1f, 0x8d, 0xf0, 0xcb,
    0x08, 0xab, 0x21, 0x33, 0x28, 0x7d, 0x2b, 0x69, 0x68, 0x71, 0x4a, 0x94,
    0xf6, 0x33, 0xc9, 0x40, 0x84, 0x5a, 0x48, 0xa3, 0xe1, 0x67, 0x08, 0xdd,
    0xe7, 0x61, 0xcc, 0x6a, 0x8e, 0xab, 0x2d, 0x84, 0xdb, 0x21, 0xb6, 0xea,
    0x5b, 0x07, 0x68, 0x14, 0x93, 0xcc, 0x9c, 0x31, 0xfb, 0xc3, 0x68, 0xb2,
    0x43, 0xf6, 0xdd, 0xf8, 0xc9, 0x32, 0xa8, 0xb4, 0x03, 0x8f, 0x44, 0xe7,
    0xb1, 0x5c, 0xa8, 0x76, 0x34, 0x4a, 0x14, 0x78, 0x59, 0xf2, 0xb4, 0x3b,
    0x39, 0x45, 0x86, 0x68, 0xad, 0x5e, 0x0a, 0x1a, 0x9a, 0x66, 0x95, 0x46,
    0xdd, 0x28, 0x12, 0xe3, 0xb3, 0x61, 0x7a, 0x0a, 0xef, 0x99, 0xd5, 0x8e,
    0x3b, 0xb4, 0xcc, 0x87, 0xfd, 0x94, 0x22, 0x5e, 0x01, 0xd2, 0xdc, 0xc4,
    0x69, 0xa7, 0x72, 0x68, 0x14, 0x6c, 0x51, 0x91, 0x8f, 0x18, 0xe8, 0xb4,
    0xd7, 0x0a, 0xa1, 0xf0, 0xc7, 0x62, 0x3b, 0xcc, 0x52, 0xcf, 0x37, 0x31,
    0xd3, 0x86, 0x41, 0xb2, 0xd2, 0x83, 0x0b, 0x7e, 0xec, 0xb2, 0xf0, 0x95,
    0x52, 0xff, 0x13, 0x7d, 0x04, 0x6e, 0x49, 0x4e, 0x7f, 0x33, 0xc3, 0x59,
    0x00, 0x02, 0xb1, 0x6d, 0x1b, 0x97, 0xd9, 0x36, 0xfd, 0xa2, 0x8f, 0x90,
    0xc3, 0xed, 0x3c, 0xa3, 0x53, 0x38, 0x16, 0x8a, 0xc1, 0x6f, 0x77, 0xc3,
    0xc5, 0x7a, 0xdc, 0x2e, 0x8f, 0x7c, 0x6c, 0x22, 0x56, 0xe4, 0x1a, 0x5f,
    0x65, 0x45, 0x05, 0x90, 0xdb, 0xb5, 0xbc, 0xf0, 0x6d, 0x66, 0x61, 0x02,
    0x82, 0x01, 0x00, 0x31, 0x97, 0x31, 0xa1, 0x4e, 0x38, 0x56, 0x88, 0xdb,
    0x94, 0x1d, 0xbf, 0x65, 0x5c, 0xda, 0x4b, 0xc2, 0x10, 0xde, 0x74, 0x20,
    0x03, 0xce, 0x13, 0x60, 0xf2, 0x25, 0x1d, 0x55, 0x7c, 0x5d, 0x94, 0x82,
    0x54, 0x08, 0x53, 0xdb, 0x85, 0x95, 0xbf, 0xdd, 0x5e, 0x50, 0xd5, 0x96,
    0xe0, 0x79, 0x51, 0x1b, 0xbf, 0x4d, 0x4e, 0xb9, 0x3a, 0xc5, 0xee, 0xc4,
    0x5e, 0x98, 0x75, 0x7b, 0xbe, 0xff, 0x30, 0xe6, 0xd0, 0x7b, 0xa6, 0xf1,
    0xbc, 0x29, 0xea, 0xdf, 0xec, 0xf3, 0x8b, 0xfa, 0x83, 0x11, 0x9f, 0x3f,
    0xf0, 0x5d, 0x06, 0x51, 0x32, 0xaa, 0x21, 0xfc, 0x26, 0x17, 0xe7, 0x50,
    0xc2, 0x16, 0xba, 0xfa, 0x54, 0xb7, 0x7e, 0x1d, 0x2c, 0xa6, 0xa3, 0x41,
    0x66, 0x33, 0x94, 0x83, 0xb9, 0xbf, 0xa0, 0x4f, 0xbd, 0xa6, 0xfd, 0x2c,
    0x81, 0x58, 0x35, 0x33, 0x39, 0xc0, 0x6d, 0x33, 0x40, 0x56, 0x64, 0x12,
    0x5a, 0xcd, 0x35, 0x53, 0x21, 0x78, 0x8f, 0x27, 0x24, 0x37, 0x66, 0x8a,
    0xdf, 0x5e, 0x5f, 0x63, 0xfc, 0x8b, 0x2d, 0xef, 0x57, 0xdb, 0x40, 0x25,
    0xd5, 0x17, 0x53, 0x0b, 0xe4, 0xa5, 0xae, 0x54, 0xbf, 0x46, 0x4f, 0xa6,
    0x79, 0xc3, 0x74, 0xfa, 0x1f, 0x85, 0x34, 0x64, 0x6d, 0xc5, 0x03, 0xeb,
    0x72, 0x98, 0x80, 0x7b, 0xc0, 0x8f, 0x35, 0x11, 0xa7, 0x09, 0xeb, 0x51,
    0xe0, 0xb0, 0xac, 0x92, 0x14, 0xf2, 0xad, 0x37, 0x95, 0x5a, 0xba, 0x8c,
    0xc4, 0xdb, 0xed, 0xc4, 0x4e, 0x8b, 0x8f, 0x84, 0x33, 0x64, 0xf8, 0x57,
    0x12, 0xd7, 0x08, 0x7e, 0x90, 0x66, 0xdf, 0x91, 0x50, 0x23, 0xf2, 0x73,
    0xc0, 0x6b, 0xb1, 0x15, 0xdd, 0x64, 0xd7, 0xc9, 0x75, 0x17, 0x73, 0x72,
    0xda, 0x33, 0xc4, 0x6f, 0xa5, 0x47, 0xa1, 0xcc, 0xd1, 0xc6, 0x62, 0xe5,
    0xca, 0xab, 0x5f, 0x2a, 0x8f, 0x6b, 0xcc, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xb0, 0xc7,
    0x68, 0x70, 0x27, 0x43, 0xbc, 0x51, 0x24, 0x29, 0x93, 0xa9, 0x71, 0xa5,
    0x28, 0x89, 0x79, 0x54, 0x44, 0xf7, 0xc6, 0x45, 0x22, 0x03, 0xd0, 0xce,
    0x84, 0xfe, 0x61, 0x17, 0xd4, 0x6e,
};

static const uint8_t kMsg[] = {1, 2, 3, 4};

static const uint8_t kSignature[] = {
    0xa5, 0xf0, 0x8a, 0x47, 0x5d, 0x3c, 0xb3, 0xcc, 0xa9, 0x79, 0xaf, 0x4d,
    0x8c, 0xae, 0x4c, 0x14, 0xef, 0xc2, 0x0b, 0x34, 0x36, 0xde, 0xf4, 0x3e,
    0x3d, 0xbb, 0x4a, 0x60, 0x5c, 0xc8, 0x91, 0x28, 0xda, 0xfb, 0x7e, 0x04,
    0x96, 0x7e, 0x63, 0x13, 0x90, 0xce, 0xb9, 0xb4, 0x62, 0x7a, 0xfd, 0x09,
    0x3d, 0xc7, 0x67, 0x78, 0x54, 0x04, 0xeb, 0x52, 0x62, 0x6e, 0x24, 0x67,
    0xb4, 0x40, 0xfc, 0x57, 0x62, 0xc6, 0xf1, 0x67, 0xc1, 0x97, 0x8f, 0x6a,
    0xa8, 0xae, 0x44, 0x46, 0x5e, 0xab, 0x67, 0x17, 0x53, 0x19, 0x3a, 0xda,
    0x5a, 0xc8, 0x16, 0x3e, 0x86, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x71, 0x2f, 0xfc, 0x23, 0x48,
    0xd9, 0x0b, 0x13, 0xdd, 0x7b, 0x5a, 0x25, 0x79, 0xef, 0xa5, 0x7b, 0x04,
    0xed, 0x44, 0xf6, 0x18, 0x55, 0xe4, 0x0a, 0xe9, 0x57, 0x79, 0x5d, 0xd7,
    0x55, 0xa7, 0xab, 0x45, 0x02, 0x97, 0x60, 0x42,
};

// kExampleRSAKeyPKCS8 is kExampleRSAKeyDER encoded in a PKCS #8
// PrivateKeyInfo.
static const uint8_t kExampleRSAKeyPKCS8[] = {
    0x30, 0x82, 0x02, 0x76, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x30, 0x0d, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a,
    0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00, 0x04, 0x82,
    0x02, 0x60, 0x30, 0x82, 0x02, 0x5c, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0x81, 0x81,
    0x00, 0xf8, 0xb8, 0x6c, 0x83, 0xb4, 0xbc, 0xd9, 0xa8, 0x57, 0xc0, 0xa5,
    0xb4, 0x59, 0x76, 0x8c, 0x54, 0x1d, 0x79, 0xeb, 0x22, 0x52, 0x04, 0x7e,
    0xd3, 0x37, 0xeb, 0x41, 0xfd, 0x83, 0xf9, 0xf0, 0xa6, 0x85, 0x15, 0x34,
    0x75, 0x71, 0x5a, 0x84, 0xa8, 0x3c, 0xd2, 0xef, 0x5a, 0x4e, 0xd3, 0xde,
    0x97, 0x8a, 0xdd, 0xff, 0xbb, 0xcf, 0x0a, 0xaa, 0x86, 0x92, 0xbe, 0xb8,
    0x50, 0xe4, 0xcd, 0x6f, 0x80, 0x33, 0x30, 0x76, 0x13, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x7b,
    0xdc, 0xec, 0x5a, 0xca, 0x63, 0xc7, 0x03, 0x25, 0xef, 0xa8, 0x8a, 0x83,
    0x58, 0x76, 0x20, 0xfa, 0x16, 0x77, 0xd7, 0x79, 0x92, 0x63, 0x01, 0x48,
    0x1a, 0xd8, 0x7b, 0x67, 0xf1, 0x52, 0x55, 0x49, 0x4e, 0xd6, 0x6e, 0x4a,
    0x5c, 0xd7, 0x7a, 0x37, 0x36, 0x0c, 0xde, 0xdd, 0x8f, 0x44, 0xe8, 0xc2,
    0xa7, 0x2c, 0x2b, 0xb5, 0xaf, 0x64, 0x4b, 0x61, 0x07, 0x02, 0x03, 0x01,
    0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x81, 0x80, 0x74, 0x88, 0x64, 0x3f, 0x69, 0x45, 0x3a,
    0x6d, 0xc7, 0x7f, 0xb9, 0xa3, 0xc0, 0x6e, 0xec, 0xdc, 0xd4, 0x5a, 0xb5,
    0x32, 0x85, 0x5f, 0x19, 0xd4, 0xf8, 0xd4, 0x3f, 0x3c, 0xfa, 0xc2, 0xf6,
    0x5f, 0xee, 0xe6, 0xba, 0x87, 0x74, 0x2e, 0xc7, 0x0c, 0xd4, 0x42, 0xb8,
    0x66, 0x85, 0x9c, 0x7b, 0x24, 0x61, 0xaa, 0x16, 0x11, 0xf6, 0xb5, 0xb6,
    0xa4, 0x0a, 0xc9, 0x55, 0x2e, 0x81, 0xa5, 0x47, 0x61, 0xcb, 0x25, 0x8f,
    0xc2, 0x15, 0x7b, 0x0e, 0x7c, 0x36, 0x9f, 0x3a, 0xda, 0x58, 0x86, 0x1c,
    0x5b, 0x83, 0x79, 0xe6, 0x2b, 0xcc, 0xe6, 0xfa, 0x2c, 0x61, 0xf2, 0x78,
    0x80, 0x1b, 0xe2, 0xf3, 0x9d, 0x39, 0x2b, 0x65, 0x57, 0x91, 0x3d, 0x71,
    0x99, 0x73, 0xa5, 0xc2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x8c, 0x07, 0x4f, 0xe5, 0xb4, 0x60,
    0x1f, 0x99, 0xa2, 0xb1, 0x4f, 0x0c, 0xef, 0xbc, 0x59, 0x53, 0x00, 0x7d,
    0xb1, 0x02, 0x41, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x7e, 0x23, 0x65, 0x70, 0xf8, 0xce, 0xd3,
    0x40, 0x41, 0x80, 0x6a, 0x1d, 0x01, 0xd6, 0x01, 0xff, 0xb6, 0x1b, 0x3d,
    0x3d, 0x59, 0x09, 0x33, 0x79, 0xc0, 0x4f, 0xde, 0x96, 0x27, 0x4b, 0x18,
    0xc6, 0xd9, 0x78, 0xf1, 0xf4, 0x35, 0x46, 0xe9, 0x7c, 0x42, 0x7a, 0x5d,
    0x9f, 0xef, 0x54, 0xb8, 0xf7, 0x9f, 0xc4, 0x33, 0x6c, 0xf3, 0x8c, 0x32,
    0x46, 0x87, 0x67, 0x30, 0x7b, 0xa7, 0xac, 0xe3, 0x02, 0x41, 0x00, 0xfc,
    0x2c, 0xdf, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x88, 0xf5, 0xb1, 0x92, 0xa8, 0x93, 0x47, 0x63,
    0x55, 0xf5, 0xca, 0x58, 0x43, 0xba, 0x1c, 0xe5, 0x9e, 0xb6, 0x95, 0x05,
    0xcd, 0xb5, 0x82, 0xdf, 0xeb, 0x04, 0x53, 0x9d, 0xbd, 0xc2, 0x38, 0x16,
    0xb3, 0x62, 0xdd, 0xa1, 0x46, 0xdb, 0x6d, 0x97, 0x93, 0x9f, 0x8a, 0xc3,
    0x9b, 0x64, 0x7e, 0x42, 0xe3, 0x32, 0x57, 0x19, 0x1b, 0xd5, 0x6e, 0x85,
    0xfa, 0xb8, 0x8d, 0x02, 0x41, 0x00, 0xbc, 0x3d, 0xde, 0x6d, 0xd6, 0x97,
    0xe8, 0xba, 0x9e, 0x81, 0x37, 0x17, 0xe5, 0xa0, 0x64, 0xc9, 0x00, 0xb7,
    0xe7, 0xfe, 0xf4, 0x29, 0xd9, 0x2e, 0x43, 0x6b, 0x19, 0x20, 0xbd, 0x99,
    0x75, 0xe7, 0x76, 0xf8, 0xd3, 0xae, 0xaf, 0x7e, 0xb8, 0xeb, 0x81, 0xf4,
    0x9d, 0xfe, 0x07, 0x2b, 0x0b, 0x63, 0x0b, 0x5a, 0x55, 0x90, 0x71, 0x7d,
    0xf1, 0xdb, 0xd9, 0xb1, 0x41, 0x41, 0x68, 0x2f, 0x4e, 0x39, 0x02, 0x40,
    0x5a, 0x34, 0x66, 0xd8, 0xf5, 0xe2, 0x7f, 0x18, 0xb5, 0x00, 0x6e, 0x26,
    0x84, 0x27, 0x14, 0x93, 0xfb, 0xfc, 0xc6, 0x0f, 0x5e, 0x27, 0xe6, 0xe1,
    0xe9, 0xc0, 0x8a, 0xe4, 0x34, 0xda, 0xe9, 0xa2, 0x4b, 0x73, 0xbc, 0x8c,
    0xb9, 0xba, 0x13, 0x6c, 0x7a, 0x2b, 0x51, 0x84, 0xa3, 0x4a, 0xe0, 0x30,
    0x10, 0x06, 0x7e, 0xed, 0x17, 0x5a, 0x14, 0x00, 0xc9, 0xef, 0x85, 0xea,
    0x52, 0x2c, 0xbc, 0x65, 0x02, 0x40, 0x51, 0xe3, 0xf2, 0x83, 0x19, 0x9b,
    0xc4, 0x1e, 0x2f, 0x50, 0x3d, 0xdf, 0x5a, 0xa2, 0x18, 0xca, 0x5f, 0x2e,
    0x49, 0xaf, 0x6f, 0xcc, 0xfa, 0x65, 0x77, 0x94, 0xb5, 0xa1, 0x0a, 0xa9,
    0xd1, 0x8a, 0x39, 0x37, 0xf4, 0x0b, 0xa0, 0xd7, 0x82, 0x27, 0x5e, 0xae,
    0x17, 0x17, 0xa1, 0x1e, 0x54, 0x34, 0xbf, 0x6e, 0xc4, 0x8e, 0x99, 0x5d,
    0x08, 0xf1, 0x2d, 0x86, 0x9d, 0xa5, 0x20, 0x1b, 0xe5, 0xdf,
};

// kExampleRSAPSSKeySHA256 is an RSA private key constrained to PSS with
// SHA-256, and salt length >= 32, in PKCS#8 format. Of course, you should never
// use this key anywhere but in an example.
static const uint8_t kExampleRSAPSSKeySHA256[] = {
    0x30, 0x82, 0x04, 0xf0, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x30, 0x41, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a,
    0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x01, 0x0a, 0x30, 0x34, 0xa0, 0x0f,
    0x30, 0x0d, 0x06, 0x09, 0x60, 0x86, 0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02,
    0x01, 0x05, 0x00, 0xa1, 0x1c, 0x30, 0x1a, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48,
    0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x01, 0x08, 0x30, 0x0d, 0x06, 0x09, 0x60, 0x86,
    0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00, 0xa2, 0x03, 0x02,
    0x01, 0x20, 0x04, 0x82, 0x04, 0xa6, 0x30, 0x82, 0x04, 0xa2, 0x02, 0x01,
    0x00, 0x02, 0x82, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0xcd, 0x00, 0x81, 0xea, 0x7b, 0x2a,
    0xe1, 0xea, 0x06, 0xd5, 0x9f, 0x7c, 0x73, 0xd9, 0xff, 0xb9, 0x4a, 0x09,
    0x61, 0x5c, 0x2e, 0x4b, 0xa7, 0xc6, 0x36, 0xce, 0xf0, 0x8d, 0xd3, 0x53,
    0x3e, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x55, 0x25, 0xb0, 0x15, 0xc7, 0x69, 0xb9, 0x9a, 0x77,
    0xd6, 0x72, 0x5b, 0xf9, 0xc3, 0x53, 0x2a, 0x9b, 0x6e, 0x5f, 0x66, 0x27,
    0xd5, 0xfb, 0x85, 0x16, 0x07, 0x68, 0xd3, 0xdd, 0xa9, 0xcb, 0xd3, 0x59,
    0x74, 0x51, 0x17, 0x17, 0xdc, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x9d, 0x2f, 0xc4, 0x7e, 0xe4,
    0x1f, 0x97, 0xe3, 0x2a, 0xdb, 0x7f, 0x9d, 0xd8, 0x64, 0xa1, 0xc4, 0x76,
    0x7a, 0x66, 0x6e, 0xcd, 0x71, 0xbc, 0x1a, 0xac, 0xf5, 0xe7, 0x51, 0x7f,
    0x4b, 0x38, 0x59, 0x4f, 0xea, 0x9b, 0x05, 0xe4, 0x2d, 0x5a, 0xda, 0x99,
    0x12, 0x00, 0x80, 0x13, 0xe4, 0x53, 0x16, 0xa4, 0xd9, 0xbb, 0x8e, 0xd0,
    0x86, 0xb8, 0x8d, 0x28, 0x75, 0x8b, 0xac, 0xaf, 0x92, 0x2d, 0x46, 0xa8,
    0x68, 0xb4, 0x85, 0xd2, 0x39, 0xc9, 0xba, 0xeb, 0x0e, 0x2b, 0x64, 0x59,
    0x27, 0x10, 0xf4, 0x2b, 0x2d, 0x1e, 0xa0, 0xa4, 0xb4, 0x80, 0x2c, 0x0b,
    0xec, 0xab, 0x32, 0x8f, 0x8a, 0x68, 0xb0, 0x07, 0x3b, 0xdb, 0x54, 0x6f,
    0xee, 0xa9, 0x80, 0x9d, 0x28, 0x49, 0x91, 0x2b, 0x39, 0x0c, 0x15, 0x32,
    0xbc, 0x7e, 0x29, 0xc7, 0x65, 0x8f, 0x81, 0x75, 0xfa, 0xe4, 0x6f, 0x34,
    0x33, 0x2f, 0xf8, 0x7b, 0xca, 0xb3, 0xe4, 0x06, 0x49, 0xb9, 0x85, 0x77,
    0x86, 0x9d, 0xa0, 0xea, 0x71, 0x83, 0x53, 0xf0, 0x72, 0x27, 0x54, 0x88,
    0x69, 0x13, 0x64, 0x87, 0x60, 0xd1, 0x22, 0xbe, 0x67, 0x6e, 0x0f, 0xc4,
    0x83, 0xdd, 0x20, 0xff, 0xc3, 0x1b, 0xda, 0x96, 0xa3, 0x19, 0x66, 0xc9,
    0xaa, 0x2e, 0x75, 0xad, 0x03, 0xde, 0x47, 0xe1, 0xc4, 0x4f, 0x02, 0x03,
    0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x82, 0x01, 0x00, 0x60, 0x29, 0x7a, 0xc7, 0x99,
    0x1b, 0x16, 0x7a, 0x06, 0xd6, 0xb2, 0x47, 0x58, 0xb8, 0xcb, 0xe2, 0x08,
    0xbe, 0xb9, 0xb2, 0xd9, 0xec, 0x97, 0x38, 0xbd, 0x80, 0xf9, 0x0a, 0x2e,
    0x35, 0x00, 0x5d, 0xd7, 0xce, 0x29, 0x2d, 0x9e, 0x29, 0xba, 0x88, 0x5b,
    0xd3, 0x16, 0xfe, 0xf1, 0xf2, 0x09, 0x13, 0xbc, 0x0a, 0xc9, 0x0d, 0x6b,
    0x08, 0x08, 0xb2, 0x41, 0x4d, 0x82, 0x10, 0x44, 0x41, 0xd8, 0x62, 0x4a,
    0x33, 0xce, 0x02, 0x33, 0xc8, 0xf7, 0x80, 0xa4, 0x8b, 0x37, 0x5a, 0xff,
    0x02, 0xd7, 0x67, 0x12, 0x22, 0x8a, 0x70, 0x24, 0x84, 0xdb, 0x3f, 0x9e,
    0xbe, 0xcc, 0xcf, 0xbb, 0xee, 0x17, 0x09, 0xdb, 0xa1, 0x82, 0x80, 0x0d,
    0x94, 0x9e, 0x9e, 0x42, 0x16, 0xe0, 0xbf, 0xf3, 0x55, 0x83, 0x88, 0xf8,
    0xbd, 0x90, 0xda, 0x37, 0x3a, 0x1d, 0x82, 0x74, 0x3e, 0xc3, 0xfb, 0xdd,
    0x14, 0x27, 0xfd, 0x16, 0x82, 0x5a, 0x65, 0x7a, 0x31, 0x69, 0x12, 0xe8,
    0x69, 0x53, 0x65, 0x11, 0x7c, 0xa2, 0xf8, 0x45, 0xc9, 0x09, 0x40, 0x5f,
    0xca, 0xc5, 0x5f, 0x89, 0x5f, 0xc1, 0x5d, 0x20, 0x38, 0x6c, 0x26, 0xee,
    0x78, 0xc9, 0xe9, 0x90, 0x75, 0x02, 0x9a, 0x17, 0x8a, 0x6c, 0x1e, 0x4c,
    0xf0, 0xc2, 0x00, 0xe8, 0xa9, 0xcf, 0xb2, 0x7e, 0x9d, 0x15, 0x6f, 0x86,
    0xe6, 0xc2, 0xad, 0xc2, 0x2b, 0x1a, 0x84, 0xa1, 0xcd, 0x5c, 0xa5, 0xb2,
    0x79, 0x08, 0x75, 0xd7, 0x94, 0x07, 0xc8, 0x4b, 0x35, 0x23, 0x95, 0xcb,
    0x81, 0xcc, 0x3f, 0xed, 0x5b, 0xb0, 0x43, 0xb6, 0x9e, 0xde, 0x0c, 0x07,
    0x20, 0x45, 0x50, 0x02, 0x5c, 0xee, 0x8c, 0x5f, 0x44, 0x01, 0x70, 0xb6,
    0x12, 0x0b, 0xb4, 0x8e, 0x0f, 0x74, 0x7b, 0xcd, 0x8f, 0x52, 0x21, 0x10,
    0x85, 0x0d, 0xf0, 0x43, 0xc4, 0x28, 0xdf, 0xd1, 0x87, 0x05, 0x31, 0x02,
    0x81, 0x81, 0x00, 0xf6, 0xf9, 0x61, 0xb4, 0x7c, 0xbc, 0x03, 0x5d, 0x3a,
    0xed, 0xeb, 0xc7, 0xde, 0x85, 0x0a, 0x95, 0x6b, 0x65, 0xec, 0xdb, 0x9c,
    0xf6, 0x07, 0x64, 0x06, 0x3f, 0x15, 0xaa, 0x48, 0x55, 0x3c, 0x58, 0xd9,
    0x72, 0xfe, 0x66, 0x75, 0x05, 0x6e, 0x35, 0xdd, 0xfd, 0xc3, 0x7b, 0xf3,
    0xb9, 0xf2, 0xf6, 0x22, 0xee, 0x27, 0x13, 0x37, 0x25, 0x68, 0x49, 0xc9,
    0xbe, 0xf2, 0x17, 0x6f, 0xe8, 0xf7, 0xc3, 0xf8, 0xbb, 0x91, 0xba, 0x37,
    0x4d, 0xd5, 0x3b, 0xaf, 0x3d, 0xec, 0x81, 0x4d, 0x2b, 0xde, 0xc1, 0x0c,
    0x1f, 0xdc, 0x88, 0xcd, 0xd1, 0x68, 0x76, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x1e, 0xdf, 0xa3,
    0xf0, 0x94, 0x19, 0x7e, 0xdf, 0x4d, 0x42, 0xff, 0x1f, 0xb2, 0x97, 0x11,
    0x03, 0xb8, 0x98, 0xca, 0x85, 0x9c, 0x42, 0x72, 0x87, 0x08, 0x6a, 0x84,
    0x2a, 0xb4, 0x10, 0xbb, 0x69, 0xcf, 0x2d, 0x35, 0xaf, 0x6b, 0xe3, 0x02,
    0x81, 0x81, 0x00, 0xd4, 0x7e, 0x72, 0x4a, 0x7f, 0xf4, 0x10, 0x48, 0xb2,
    0x70, 0xc2, 0x52, 0x4a, 0x41, 0x01, 0x87, 0x8b, 0x73, 0x15, 0x9b, 0xb7,
    0x3d, 0x3d, 0xbc, 0x18, 0x7b, 0x22, 0x0e, 0x63, 0x5b, 0x35, 0x34, 0xf9,
    0x6e, 0x24, 0x3a, 0x18, 0x4d, 0x93, 0xf8, 0x60, 0xb6, 0xbf, 0xbb, 0x6b,
    0x71, 0xc1, 0xed, 0x9a, 0x1e, 0x1f, 0x45, 0x85, 0x83, 0x02, 0x3c, 0x30,
    0x1e, 0x96, 0xa6, 0x92, 0xc1, 0xa0, 0x8b, 0x53, 0xd0, 0xec, 0x9c, 0xa9,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x0d, 0x80, 0x45, 0x1e, 0x3b, 0x7d, 0xc6, 0xa0, 0x1b, 0xac,
    0x4a, 0xec, 0xef, 0x8d, 0xf7, 0x98, 0x84, 0x6b, 0xc2, 0x35, 0xa0, 0x8c,
    0xbb, 0xa2, 0xcf, 0x4c, 0x06, 0x80, 0x4c, 0xc1, 0x12, 0x19, 0xe9, 0x56,
    0x08, 0xc7, 0x14, 0xe3, 0xf1, 0x43, 0x0d, 0x49, 0x1f, 0xad, 0xbb, 0xa3,
    0x2a, 0x57, 0x51, 0xa0, 0x4f, 0x97, 0x74, 0x58, 0x34, 0xc9, 0xa5, 0x02,
    0x81, 0x80, 0x21, 0xf2, 0x45, 0x2b, 0xb9, 0xb9, 0x5d, 0xfd, 0x02, 0x8c,
    0x91, 0x4b, 0xf7, 0x99, 0xf1, 0xca, 0x77, 0xe8, 0x9a, 0x95, 0xd5, 0x0d,
    0x3c, 0x16, 0xd3, 0x84, 0xf8, 0x45, 0x5f, 0x8b, 0xd7, 0xaf, 0x9e, 0xb3,
    0xdf, 0xa3, 0xd5, 0x91, 0xd9, 0x84, 0x2d, 0xef, 0x23, 0x5f, 0x76, 0x30,
    0xa8, 0xe4, 0x8c, 0x08, 0x8f, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x2e, 0x10, 0x17, 0x94, 0x53,
    0x5a, 0x93, 0x3e, 0x1e, 0x97, 0x6f, 0xa8, 0x50, 0x9f, 0xc7, 0x28, 0xb2,
    0xda, 0x0c, 0x4a, 0x1a, 0x08, 0xd7, 0xfc, 0xf3, 0x7a, 0xba, 0xae, 0x1f,
    0xf3, 0x00, 0x1a, 0xca, 0x1d, 0xc1, 0xbb, 0xb0, 0x5d, 0x9d, 0xff, 0xba,
    0xa1, 0xa0, 0x9f, 0x7f, 0xb1, 0xee, 0xf3, 0x82, 0x37, 0xd9, 0xeb, 0xcc,
    0xc7, 0x22, 0xb9, 0x33, 0x84, 0x36, 0xdd, 0xe7, 0x11, 0x91, 0x12, 0x79,
    0x8c, 0x26, 0x80, 0x9c, 0x1a, 0x8d, 0xec, 0x43, 0x20, 0x61, 0x02, 0x81,
    0x80, 0x1f, 0x75, 0x10, 0xaa, 0x62, 0xc2, 0xd8, 0xde, 0x4a, 0x3c, 0x53,
    0x28, 0x27, 0x81, 0xf4, 0x1e, 0x02, 0xd0, 0xe8, 0xb4, 0x02, 0xae, 0x78,
    0x43, 0x2e, 0x44, 0x9c, 0x48, 0x11, 0x01, 0x61, 0xa1, 0x14, 0x03, 0xf0,
    0x2d, 0x01, 0x88, 0x0a, 0x8d, 0xcc, 0x93, 0x81, 0x52, 0xd7, 0x97, 0x21,
    0xa4, 0x71, 0x1a, 0x60, 0x7a, 0xc4, 0x47, 0x1e, 0xbf, 0x96, 0x48, 0x10,
    0xf9, 0x5b, 0xe4, 0x7a, 0x45, 0xe6, 0x04, 0x99, 0xe2, 0x9f, 0x4c, 0x97,
    0x73, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x73, 0x40, 0x4f, 0x60, 0x66, 0x37, 0x72, 0x8c, 0x2d,
    0x03, 0x51, 0xbb, 0x03, 0xc3, 0x26, 0xc8, 0xbb, 0x73, 0xa7, 0x21, 0xe7,
    0xfa, 0x54, 0x40, 0xea, 0x21, 0x72, 0xbb, 0xa1, 0x46, 0x5f, 0xcc, 0x30,
    0xdc, 0xb0, 0xd9, 0xf8, 0x99, 0x30, 0xe8, 0x15, 0xaa, 0x1f, 0x7f, 0x97,
    0x29, 0xa8, 0x57, 0xe0, 0x0e, 0x03, 0x38, 0xdd, 0x59, 0x02, 0x81, 0x80,
    0x4d, 0x1f, 0x0d, 0x75, 0x6f, 0xe7, 0x7e, 0x01, 0x09, 0x9a, 0x65, 0x2f,
    0x50, 0xa8, 0x8b, 0x7b, 0x68, 0x5d, 0xc5, 0xbf, 0x00, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x5d,
    0x23, 0x76, 0xfd, 0x0c, 0x6f, 0xe2, 0x9c, 0xd5, 0xb6, 0x38, 0x73, 0x44,
    0x79, 0x30, 0x5a, 0x73, 0xad, 0x3c, 0x15, 0x99, 0xd3, 0x9e, 0xae, 0x3b,
    0xae, 0x03, 0x5f, 0xbd, 0x6f, 0xed, 0x07, 0xc2, 0x8d, 0xe7, 0x05, 0x93,
    0x38, 0x79, 0xa0, 0x6e, 0x48, 0xe6, 0xa6, 0x03, 0x68, 0x6e, 0xd8, 0xe2,
    0x56, 0x0a, 0x5f, 0x6a, 0xf1, 0xf2, 0xc2, 0x4f, 0xaf, 0x4a, 0xa9, 0x60,
    0xe3, 0x82, 0x18, 0x6f, 0x15, 0xee, 0xdc, 0xe9, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x1a, 0xe7,
    0x30, 0x68, 0x0d, 0xd4, 0xcf, 0x77, 0x8b, 0x70, 0xfa, 0xa8, 0x68, 0x26,
    0xab, 0x32, 0x23, 0x47, 0x7c, 0xc9, 0x13, 0x77, 0xb1, 0x9a, 0x6d, 0x5a,
    0x2e, 0xae, 0xa2, 0x19, 0x76, 0x0b, 0xee, 0xd5,
};

// kExampleRSAPSSKeySHA384 is an RSA private key constrained to PSS with
// SHA-384, and salt length >= 48, in PKCS#8 format. Of course, you should never
// use this key anywhere but in an example.
static const uint8_t kExampleRSAPSSKeySHA384[] = {
    0x30, 0x82, 0x04, 0xf0, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x30, 0x41, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a,
    0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x01, 0x0a, 0x30, 0x34, 0xa0, 0x0f,
    0x30, 0x0d, 0x06, 0x09, 0x60, 0x86, 0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02,
    0x02, 0x05, 0x00, 0xa1, 0x1c, 0x30, 0x1a, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48,
    0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x01, 0x08, 0x30, 0x0d, 0x06, 0x09, 0x60, 0x86,
    0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x02, 0x05, 0x00, 0xa2, 0x03, 0x02,
    0x01, 0x30, 0x04, 0x82, 0x04, 0xa6, 0x30, 0x82, 0x04, 0xa2, 0x02, 0x01,
    0x00, 0x02, 0x82, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0xcd, 0x00, 0x81, 0xea, 0x7b, 0x2a,
    0xe1, 0xea, 0x06, 0xd5, 0x9f, 0x7c, 0x73, 0xd9, 0xff, 0xb9, 0x4a, 0x09,
    0x61, 0x5c, 0x2e, 0x4b, 0xa7, 0xc6, 0x36, 0xce, 0xf0, 0x8d, 0xd3, 0x53,
    0x3e, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x55, 0x25, 0xb0, 0x15, 0xc7, 0x69, 0xb9, 0x9a, 0x77,
    0xd6, 0x72, 0x5b, 0xf9, 0xc3, 0x53, 0x2a, 0x9b, 0x6e, 0x5f, 0x66, 0x27,
    0xd5, 0xfb, 0x85, 0x16, 0x07, 0x68, 0xd3, 0xdd, 0xa9, 0xcb, 0xd3, 0x59,
    0x74, 0x51, 0x17, 0x17, 0xdc, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x9d, 0x2f, 0xc4, 0x7e, 0xe4,
    0x1f, 0x97, 0xe3, 0x2a, 0xdb, 0x7f, 0x9d, 0xd8, 0x64, 0xa1, 0xc4, 0x76,
    0x7a, 0x66, 0x6e, 0xcd, 0x71, 0xbc, 0x1a, 0xac, 0xf5, 0xe7, 0x51, 0x7f,
    0x4b, 0x38, 0x59, 0x4f, 0xea, 0x9b, 0x05, 0xe4, 0x2d, 0x5a, 0xda, 0x99,
    0x12, 0x00, 0x80, 0x13, 0xe4, 0x53, 0x16, 0xa4, 0xd9, 0xbb, 0x8e, 0xd0,
    0x86, 0xb8, 0x8d, 0x28, 0x75, 0x8b, 0xac, 0xaf, 0x92, 0x2d, 0x46, 0xa8,
    0x68, 0xb4, 0x85, 0xd2, 0x39, 0xc9, 0xba, 0xeb, 0x0e, 0x2b, 0x64, 0x59,
    0x27, 0x10, 0xf4, 0x2b, 0x2d, 0x1e, 0xa0, 0xa4, 0xb4, 0x80, 0x2c, 0x0b,
    0xec, 0xab, 0x32, 0x8f, 0x8a, 0x68, 0xb0, 0x07, 0x3b, 0xdb, 0x54, 0x6f,
    0xee, 0xa9, 0x80, 0x9d, 0x28, 0x49, 0x91, 0x2b, 0x39, 0x0c, 0x15, 0x32,
    0xbc, 0x7e, 0x29, 0xc7, 0x65, 0x8f, 0x81, 0x75, 0xfa, 0xe4, 0x6f, 0x34,
    0x33, 0x2f, 0xf8, 0x7b, 0xca, 0xb3, 0xe4, 0x06, 0x49, 0xb9, 0x85, 0x77,
    0x86, 0x9d, 0xa0, 0xea, 0x71, 0x83, 0x53, 0xf0, 0x72, 0x27, 0x54, 0x88,
    0x69, 0x13, 0x64, 0x87, 0x60, 0xd1, 0x22, 0xbe, 0x67, 0x6e, 0x0f, 0xc4,
    0x83, 0xdd, 0x20, 0xff, 0xc3, 0x1b, 0xda, 0x96, 0xa3, 0x19, 0x66, 0xc9,
    0xaa, 0x2e, 0x75, 0xad, 0x03, 0xde, 0x47, 0xe1, 0xc4, 0x4f, 0x02, 0x03,
    0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x82, 0x01, 0x00, 0x60, 0x29, 0x7a, 0xc7, 0x99,
    0x1b, 0x16, 0x7a, 0x06, 0xd6, 0xb2, 0x47, 0x58, 0xb8, 0xcb, 0xe2, 0x08,
    0xbe, 0xb9, 0xb2, 0xd9, 0xec, 0x97, 0x38, 0xbd, 0x80, 0xf9, 0x0a, 0x2e,
    0x35, 0x00, 0x5d, 0xd7, 0xce, 0x29, 0x2d, 0x9e, 0x29, 0xba, 0x88, 0x5b,
    0xd3, 0x16, 0xfe, 0xf1, 0xf2, 0x09, 0x13, 0xbc, 0x0a, 0xc9, 0x0d, 0x6b,
    0x08, 0x08, 0xb2, 0x41, 0x4d, 0x82, 0x10, 0x44, 0x41, 0xd8, 0x62, 0x4a,
    0x33, 0xce, 0x02, 0x33, 0xc8, 0xf7, 0x80, 0xa4, 0x8b, 0x37, 0x5a, 0xff,
    0x02, 0xd7, 0x67, 0x12, 0x22, 0x8a, 0x70, 0x24, 0x84, 0xdb, 0x3f, 0x9e,
    0xbe, 0xcc, 0xcf, 0xbb, 0xee, 0x17, 0x09, 0xdb, 0xa1, 0x82, 0x80, 0x0d,
    0x94, 0x9e, 0x9e, 0x42, 0x16, 0xe0, 0xbf, 0xf3, 0x55, 0x83, 0x88, 0xf8,
    0xbd, 0x90, 0xda, 0x37, 0x3a, 0x1d, 0x82, 0x74, 0x3e, 0xc3, 0xfb, 0xdd,
    0x14, 0x27, 0xfd, 0x16, 0x82, 0x5a, 0x65, 0x7a, 0x31, 0x69, 0x12, 0xe8,
    0x69, 0x53, 0x65, 0x11, 0x7c, 0xa2, 0xf8, 0x45, 0xc9, 0x09, 0x40, 0x5f,
    0xca, 0xc5, 0x5f, 0x89, 0x5f, 0xc1, 0x5d, 0x20, 0x38, 0x6c, 0x26, 0xee,
    0x78, 0xc9, 0xe9, 0x90, 0x75, 0x02, 0x9a, 0x17, 0x8a, 0x6c, 0x1e, 0x4c,
    0xf0, 0xc2, 0x00, 0xe8, 0xa9, 0xcf, 0xb2, 0x7e, 0x9d, 0x15, 0x6f, 0x86,
    0xe6, 0xc2, 0xad, 0xc2, 0x2b, 0x1a, 0x84, 0xa1, 0xcd, 0x5c, 0xa5, 0xb2,
    0x79, 0x08, 0x75, 0xd7, 0x94, 0x07, 0xc8, 0x4b, 0x35, 0x23, 0x95, 0xcb,
    0x81, 0xcc, 0x3f, 0xed, 0x5b, 0xb0, 0x43, 0xb6, 0x9e, 0xde, 0x0c, 0x07,
    0x20, 0x45, 0x50, 0x02, 0x5c, 0xee, 0x8c, 0x5f, 0x44, 0x01, 0x70, 0xb6,
    0x12, 0x0b, 0xb4, 0x8e, 0x0f, 0x74, 0x7b, 0xcd, 0x8f, 0x52, 0x21, 0x10,
    0x85, 0x0d, 0xf0, 0x43, 0xc4, 0x28, 0xdf, 0xd1, 0x87, 0x05, 0x31, 0x02,
    0x81, 0x81, 0x00, 0xf6, 0xf9, 0x61, 0xb4, 0x7c, 0xbc, 0x03, 0x5d, 0x3a,
    0xed, 0xeb, 0xc7, 0xde, 0x85, 0x0a, 0x95, 0x6b, 0x65, 0xec, 0xdb, 0x9c,
    0xf6, 0x07, 0x64, 0x06, 0x3f, 0x15, 0xaa, 0x48, 0x55, 0x3c, 0x58, 0xd9,
    0x72, 0xfe, 0x66, 0x75, 0x05, 0x6e, 0x35, 0xdd, 0xfd, 0xc3, 0x7b, 0xf3,
    0xb9, 0xf2, 0xf6, 0x22, 0xee, 0x27, 0x13, 0x37, 0x25, 0x68, 0x49, 0xc9,
    0xbe, 0xf2, 0x17, 0x6f, 0xe8, 0xf7, 0xc3, 0xf8, 0xbb, 0x91, 0xba, 0x37,
    0x4d, 0xd5, 0x3b, 0xaf, 0x3d, 0xec, 0x81, 0x4d, 0x2b, 0xde, 0xc1, 0x0c,
    0x1f, 0xdc, 0x88, 0xcd, 0xd1, 0x68, 0x76, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x1e, 0xdf, 0xa3,
    0xf0, 0x94, 0x19, 0x7e, 0xdf, 0x4d, 0x42, 0xff, 0x1f, 0xb2, 0x97, 0x11,
    0x03, 0xb8, 0x98, 0xca, 0x85, 0x9c, 0x42, 0x72, 0x87, 0x08, 0x6a, 0x84,
    0x2a, 0xb4, 0x10, 0xbb, 0x69, 0xcf, 0x2d, 0x35, 0xaf, 0x6b, 0xe3, 0x02,
    0x81, 0x81, 0x00, 0xd4, 0x7e, 0x72, 0x4a, 0x7f, 0xf4, 0x10, 0x48, 0xb2,
    0x70, 0xc2, 0x52, 0x4a, 0x41, 0x01, 0x87, 0x8b, 0x73, 0x15, 0x9b, 0xb7,
    0x3d, 0x3d, 0xbc, 0x18, 0x7b, 0x22, 0x0e, 0x63, 0x5b, 0x35, 0x34, 0xf9,
    0x6e, 0x24, 0x3a, 0x18, 0x4d, 0x93, 0xf8, 0x60, 0xb6, 0xbf, 0xbb, 0x6b,
    0x71, 0xc1, 0xed, 0x9a, 0x1e, 0x1f, 0x45, 0x85, 0x83, 0x02, 0x3c, 0x30,
    0x1e, 0x96, 0xa6, 0x92, 0xc1, 0xa0, 0x8b, 0x53, 0xd0, 0xec, 0x9c, 0xa9,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x0d, 0x80, 0x45, 0x1e, 0x3b, 0x7d, 0xc6, 0xa0, 0x1b, 0xac,
    0x4a, 0xec, 0xef, 0x8d, 0xf7, 0x98, 0x84, 0x6b, 0xc2, 0x35, 0xa0, 0x8c,
    0xbb, 0xa2, 0xcf, 0x4c, 0x06, 0x80, 0x4c, 0xc1, 0x12, 0x19, 0xe9, 0x56,
    0x08, 0xc7, 0x14, 0xe3, 0xf1, 0x43, 0x0d, 0x49, 0x1f, 0xad, 0xbb, 0xa3,
    0x2a, 0x57, 0x51, 0xa0, 0x4f, 0x97, 0x74, 0x58, 0x34, 0xc9, 0xa5, 0x02,
    0x81, 0x80, 0x21, 0xf2, 0x45, 0x2b, 0xb9, 0xb9, 0x5d, 0xfd, 0x02, 0x8c,
    0x91, 0x4b, 0xf7, 0x99, 0xf1, 0xca, 0x77, 0xe8, 0x9a, 0x95, 0xd5, 0x0d,
    0x3c, 0x16, 0xd3, 0x84, 0xf8, 0x45, 0x5f, 0x8b, 0xd7, 0xaf, 0x9e, 0xb3,
    0xdf, 0xa3, 0xd5, 0x91, 0xd9, 0x84, 0x2d, 0xef, 0x23, 0x5f, 0x76, 0x30,
    0xa8, 0xe4, 0x8c, 0x08, 0x8f, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x2e, 0x10, 0x17, 0x94, 0x53,
    0x5a, 0x93, 0x3e, 0x1e, 0x97, 0x6f, 0xa8, 0x50, 0x9f, 0xc7, 0x28, 0xb2,
    0xda, 0x0c, 0x4a, 0x1a, 0x08, 0xd7, 0xfc, 0xf3, 0x7a, 0xba, 0xae, 0x1f,
    0xf3, 0x00, 0x1a, 0xca, 0x1d, 0xc1, 0xbb, 0xb0, 0x5d, 0x9d, 0xff, 0xba,
    0xa1, 0xa0, 0x9f, 0x7f, 0xb1, 0xee, 0xf3, 0x82, 0x37, 0xd9, 0xeb, 0xcc,
    0xc7, 0x22, 0xb9, 0x33, 0x84, 0x36, 0xdd, 0xe7, 0x11, 0x91, 0x12, 0x79,
    0x8c, 0x26, 0x80, 0x9c, 0x1a, 0x8d, 0xec, 0x43, 0x20, 0x61, 0x02, 0x81,
    0x80, 0x1f, 0x75, 0x10, 0xaa, 0x62, 0xc2, 0xd8, 0xde, 0x4a, 0x3c, 0x53,
    0x28, 0x27, 0x81, 0xf4, 0x1e, 0x02, 0xd0, 0xe8, 0xb4, 0x02, 0xae, 0x78,
    0x43, 0x2e, 0x44, 0x9c, 0x48, 0x11, 0x01, 0x61, 0xa1, 0x14, 0x03, 0xf0,
    0x2d, 0x01, 0x88, 0x0a, 0x8d, 0xcc, 0x93, 0x81, 0x52, 0xd7, 0x97, 0x21,
    0xa4, 0x71, 0x1a, 0x60, 0x7a, 0xc4, 0x47, 0x1e, 0xbf, 0x96, 0x48, 0x10,
    0xf9, 0x5b, 0xe4, 0x7a, 0x45, 0xe6, 0x04, 0x99, 0xe2, 0x9f, 0x4c, 0x97,
    0x73, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x73, 0x40, 0x4f, 0x60, 0x66, 0x37, 0x72, 0x8c, 0x2d,
    0x03, 0x51, 0xbb, 0x03, 0xc3, 0x26, 0xc8, 0xbb, 0x73, 0xa7, 0x21, 0xe7,
    0xfa, 0x54, 0x40, 0xea, 0x21, 0x72, 0xbb, 0xa1, 0x46, 0x5f, 0xcc, 0x30,
    0xdc, 0xb0, 0xd9, 0xf8, 0x99, 0x30, 0xe8, 0x15, 0xaa, 0x1f, 0x7f, 0x97,
    0x29, 0xa8, 0x57, 0xe0, 0x0e, 0x03, 0x38, 0xdd, 0x59, 0x02, 0x81, 0x80,
    0x4d, 0x1f, 0x0d, 0x75, 0x6f, 0xe7, 0x7e, 0x01, 0x09, 0x9a, 0x65, 0x2f,
    0x50, 0xa8, 0x8b, 0x7b, 0x68, 0x5d, 0xc5, 0xbf, 0x00, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x5d,
    0x23, 0x76, 0xfd, 0x0c, 0x6f, 0xe2, 0x9c, 0xd5, 0xb6, 0x38, 0x73, 0x44,
    0x79, 0x30, 0x5a, 0x73, 0xad, 0x3c, 0x15, 0x99, 0xd3, 0x9e, 0xae, 0x3b,
    0xae, 0x03, 0x5f, 0xbd, 0x6f, 0xed, 0x07, 0xc2, 0x8d, 0xe7, 0x05, 0x93,
    0x38, 0x79, 0xa0, 0x6e, 0x48, 0xe6, 0xa6, 0x03, 0x68, 0x6e, 0xd8, 0xe2,
    0x56, 0x0a, 0x5f, 0x6a, 0xf1, 0xf2, 0xc2, 0x4f, 0xaf, 0x4a, 0xa9, 0x60,
    0xe3, 0x82, 0x18, 0x6f, 0x15, 0xee, 0xdc, 0xe9, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x1a, 0xe7,
    0x30, 0x68, 0x0d, 0xd4, 0xcf, 0x77, 0x8b, 0x70, 0xfa, 0xa8, 0x68, 0x26,
    0xab, 0x32, 0x23, 0x47, 0x7c, 0xc9, 0x13, 0x77, 0xb1, 0x9a, 0x6d, 0x5a,
    0x2e, 0xae, 0xa2, 0x19, 0x76, 0x0b, 0xee, 0xd5,
};

// kExampleECKeyDER is a sample EC private key encoded as an ECPrivateKey
// structure.
static const uint8_t kExampleECKeyDER[] = {
    0x30, 0x77, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x20, 0x07, 0x0f, 0x08, 0x72, 0x7a,
    0xd4, 0xa0, 0x4a, 0x9c, 0xdd, 0x59, 0xc9, 0x4d, 0x89, 0x68, 0x77, 0x08,
    0xb5, 0x6f, 0xc9, 0x5d, 0x30, 0x77, 0x0e, 0xe8, 0xd1, 0xc9, 0xce, 0x0a,
    0x8b, 0xb4, 0x6a, 0xa0, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x08, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0xce, 0x3d,
    0x03, 0x01, 0x07, 0xa1, 0x44, 0x03, 0x42, 0x00, 0x04, 0xe6, 0x2b, 0x69,
    0xe2, 0xbf, 0x65, 0x9f, 0x97, 0xbe, 0x2f, 0x1e, 0x0d, 0x94, 0x8a, 0x4c,
    0xd5, 0x97, 0x6b, 0xb7, 0xa9, 0x1e, 0x0d, 0x46, 0xfb, 0xdd, 0xa9, 0xa9,
    0x1e, 0x9d, 0xdc, 0xba, 0x5a, 0x01, 0xe7, 0xd6, 0x97, 0xa8, 0x0a, 0x18,
    0xf9, 0xc3, 0xc4, 0xa3, 0x1e, 0x56, 0xe2, 0x7c, 0x83, 0x48, 0xdb, 0x16,
    0x1a, 0x1c, 0xf5, 0x1d, 0x7e, 0xf1, 0x94, 0x2d, 0x4b, 0xcf, 0x72, 0x22,
    0xc1,
};

// kExampleECKeyPKCS8 is a sample EC private key encoded as a PKCS#8
// PrivateKeyInfo.
static const uint8_t kExampleECKeyPKCS8[] = {
    0x30, 0x81, 0x87, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x30, 0x13, 0x06, 0x07, 0x2a, 0x86,
    0x48, 0xce, 0x3d, 0x02, 0x01, 0x06, 0x08, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0xce, 0x3d,
    0x03, 0x01, 0x07, 0x04, 0x6d, 0x30, 0x6b, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x20,
    0x43, 0x09, 0xc0, 0x67, 0x75, 0x21, 0x47, 0x9d, 0xa8, 0xfa, 0x16, 0xdf,
    0x15, 0x73, 0x61, 0x34, 0x68, 0x6f, 0xe3, 0x8e, 0x47, 0x91, 0x95, 0xab,
    0x79, 0x4a, 0x72, 0x14, 0xcb, 0xe2, 0x49, 0x4f, 0xa1, 0x44, 0x03, 0x42,
    0x00, 0x04, 0xde, 0x09, 0x08, 0x07, 0x03, 0x2e, 0x8f, 0x37, 0x9a, 0xd5,
    0xad, 0xe5, 0xc6, 0x9d, 0xd4, 0x63, 0xc7, 0x4a, 0xe7, 0x20, 0xcb, 0x90,
    0xa0, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x18, 0x72, 0xb5, 0x21, 0x88, 0x38, 0xc0, 0xdb, 0xba,
    0xf6, 0x99, 0xd8, 0xa5, 0x3b, 0x83, 0xe9, 0xe3, 0xd5, 0x61, 0x99, 0x73,
    0x42, 0xc6, 0x6c, 0xe8, 0x0a, 0x95, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3b, 0x0d, 0x10, 0xa7,
    0x4a, 0x93, 0xdb, 0x5a, 0xe7, 0xec,
};

// kExampleECKeySpecifiedCurvePKCS8 is a sample EC private key encoded as a
// PKCS#8 PrivateKeyInfo with P-256's parameters spelled out rather than using
// the curve OID.
static const uint8_t kExampleECKeySpecifiedCurvePKCS8[] = {
    0x30, 0x82, 0x01, 0x79, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x30, 0x82, 0x01, 0x03, 0x06,
    0x07, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0xce, 0x3d, 0x02, 0x01, 0x30, 0x81, 0xf7, 0x02,
    0x01, 0x01, 0x30, 0x2c, 0x06, 0x07, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0xce, 0x3d, 0x01,
    0x01, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
    0x30, 0x5b, 0x04, 0x20, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc,
    0x04, 0x20, 0x5a, 0xc6, 0x35, 0xd8, 0xaa, 0x3a, 0x93, 0xe7, 0xb3, 0xeb,
    0xbd, 0x55, 0x76, 0x98, 0x86, 0xbc, 0x65, 0x1d, 0x06, 0xb0, 0xcc, 0x53,
    0xb0, 0xf6, 0x3b, 0xce, 0x3c, 0x3e, 0x27, 0xd2, 0x60, 0x4b, 0x03, 0x15,
    0x00, 0xc4, 0x9d, 0x36, 0x08, 0x86, 0xe7, 0x04, 0x93, 0x6a, 0x66, 0x78,
    0xe1, 0x13, 0x9d, 0x26, 0xb7, 0x81, 0x9f, 0x7e, 0x90, 0x04, 0x41, 0x04,
    0x6b, 0x17, 0xd1, 0xf2, 0xe1, 0x2c, 0x42, 0x47, 0xf8, 0xbc, 0xe6, 0xe5,
    0x63, 0xa4, 0x40, 0xf2, 0x77, 0x03, 0x7d, 0x81, 0x2d, 0xeb, 0x33, 0xa0,
    0xf4, 0xa1, 0x39, 0x45, 0xd8, 0x98, 0xc2, 0x96, 0x4f, 0xe3, 0x42, 0xe2,
    0xfe, 0x1a, 0x7f, 0x9b, 0x8e, 0xe7, 0xeb, 0x4a, 0x7c, 0x0f, 0x9e, 0x16,
    0x2b, 0xce, 0x33, 0x57, 0x6b, 0x31, 0x5e, 0xce, 0xcb, 0xb6, 0x40, 0x68,
    0x37, 0xbf, 0x51, 0xf5, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xbc,
    0xe6, 0xfa, 0xad, 0xa7, 0x17, 0x9e, 0x84, 0xf3, 0xb9, 0xca, 0xc2, 0xfc,
    0x63, 0x25, 0x51, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x6d, 0x30, 0x6b, 0x02, 0x01,
    0x01, 0x04, 0x20, 0x43, 0x09, 0xc0, 0x67, 0x75, 0x21, 0x47, 0x9d, 0xa8,
    0xfa, 0x16, 0xdf, 0x15, 0x73, 0x61, 0x34, 0x68, 0x6f, 0xe3, 0x8e, 0x47,
    0x91, 0x95, 0xab, 0x79, 0x4a, 0x72, 0x14, 0xcb, 0xe2, 0x49, 0x4f, 0xa1,
    0x44, 0x03, 0x42, 0x00, 0x04, 0xde, 0x09, 0x08, 0x07, 0x03, 0x2e, 0x8f,
    0x37, 0x9a, 0xd5, 0xad, 0xe5, 0xc6, 0x9d, 0xd4, 0x63, 0xc7, 0x4a, 0xe7,
    0x20, 0xcb, 0x90, 0xa0, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x18, 0x72, 0xb5, 0x21, 0x88, 0x38,
    0xc0, 0xdb, 0xba, 0xf6, 0x99, 0xd8, 0xa5, 0x3b, 0x83, 0xe9, 0xe3, 0xd5,
    0x61, 0x99, 0x73, 0x42, 0xc6, 0x6c, 0xe8, 0x0a, 0x95, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3b,
    0x0d, 0x10, 0xa7, 0x4a, 0x93, 0xdb, 0x5a, 0xe7, 0xec,
};

// kExampleBadECKeyDER is a sample EC private key encoded as an ECPrivateKey
// structure. The private key is equal to the order and will fail to import.
static const uint8_t kExampleBadECKeyDER[] = {
    0x30, 0x66, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x30, 0x13, 0x06, 0x07, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48,
    0xCE, 0x3D, 0x02, 0x01, 0x06, 0x08, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0xCE, 0x3D, 0x03,
    0x01, 0x07, 0x04, 0x4C, 0x30, 0x4A, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x20, 0xFF,
    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xBC, 0xE6, 0xFA, 0xAD, 0xA7, 0x17, 0x9E, 0x84, 0xF3,
    0xB9, 0xCA, 0xC2, 0xFC, 0x63, 0x25, 0x51, 0xA1, 0x23, 0x03, 0x21, 0x00,
    0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xBC, 0xE6, 0xFA, 0xAD, 0xA7, 0x17, 0x9E, 0x84,
    0xF3, 0xB9, 0xCA, 0xC2, 0xFC, 0x63, 0x25, 0x51
};

// kExampleBadECKeyDER2 is a sample EC private key encoded as an ECPrivateKey
// structure, but with the curve OID swapped out for 1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. It is
// then concatenated with an ECPrivateKey wrapped in a PrivateKeyInfo,
// optional public key omitted, and with the private key chopped off.
static const uint8_t kExampleBadECKeyDER2[] = {
    0x30, 0x77, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x20, 0x07, 0x0f, 0x08, 0x72, 0x7a,
    0xd4, 0xa0, 0x4a, 0x9c, 0xdd, 0x59, 0xc9, 0x4d, 0x89, 0x68, 0x77, 0x08,
    0xb5, 0x6f, 0xc9, 0x5d, 0x30, 0x77, 0x0e, 0xe8, 0xd1, 0xc9, 0xce, 0x0a,
    0x8b, 0xb4, 0x6a, 0xa0, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x08, 0x29, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01,
    0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0xa1, 0x44, 0x03, 0x42, 0x00, 0x04, 0xe6, 0x2b, 0x69,
    0xe2, 0xbf, 0x65, 0x9f, 0x97, 0xbe, 0x2f, 0x1e, 0x0d, 0x94, 0x8a, 0x4c,
    0xd5, 0x97, 0x6b, 0xb7, 0xa9, 0x1e, 0x0d, 0x46, 0xfb, 0xdd, 0xa9, 0xa9,
    0x1e, 0x9d, 0xdc, 0xba, 0x5a, 0x01, 0xe7, 0xd6, 0x97, 0xa8, 0x0a, 0x18,
    0xf9, 0xc3, 0xc4, 0xa3, 0x1e, 0x56, 0xe2, 0x7c, 0x83, 0x48, 0xdb, 0x16,
    0x1a, 0x1c, 0xf5, 0x1d, 0x7e, 0xf1, 0x94, 0x2d, 0x4b, 0xcf, 0x72, 0x22,
    0xc1, 0x30, 0x41, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x30, 0x13, 0x06, 0x07, 0x2a, 0x86,
    0x48, 0xce, 0x3d, 0x02, 0x01, 0x06, 0x08, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0xce, 0x3d,
    0x03, 0x01, 0x07, 0x04, 0x27, 0x30, 0x25, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x20,
    0x07,
};

// kInvalidPrivateKey is an invalid private key. See
// https://rt.openssl.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=4131.
static const uint8_t kInvalidPrivateKey[] = {
    0x30, 0x39, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x30, 0x09, 0x06, 0x01, 0x38, 0x08,
    0x04, 0x69, 0x30, 0x30, 0x80, 0x30, 0x19, 0x01, 0x02, 0x9f, 0xf8,
    0x8b, 0x29, 0x80, 0x30, 0xb0, 0x1b, 0x06, 0x09, 0x22, 0xbe, 0x08,
    0x04, 0xe9, 0x30, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x3a, 0x01, 0x80,
    0x09, 0x30, 0x80, 0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x30, 0x80, 0x30, 0x01, 0x3b,
    0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x20, 0x30, 0x82, 0x04, 0xe9, 0x30, 0xc3,
    0xe8, 0x30, 0x01, 0x05, 0x30, 0x80, 0x30, 0x01, 0x3b, 0x01, 0x04,
    0x02, 0x02, 0xff, 0x00, 0x30, 0x29, 0x02, 0x11, 0x03, 0x29, 0x29,
    0x02, 0x00, 0x99, 0x30, 0x80, 0x06, 0x21, 0x02, 0x24, 0x04, 0xe8,
    0x30, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x30, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86,
    0x48, 0x30, 0x01, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x86, 0xc0, 0x30, 0xdf, 0xe9, 0x80,
};

static UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> LoadExampleRSAKey() {
  UniquePtr<RSA> rsa(
      RSA_private_key_from_bytes(kExampleRSAKeyDER, sizeof(kExampleRSAKeyDER)));
  if (!rsa) {
    return nullptr;
  }
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(EVP_PKEY_new());
  if (!pkey || !EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey.get(), rsa.get())) {
    return nullptr;
  }
  return pkey;
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, DigestSignInit) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey = LoadExampleRSAKey();
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  ScopedEVP_MD_CTX md_ctx;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSignInit(md_ctx.get(), nullptr, EVP_sha256(), nullptr,
                                 pkey.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSignUpdate(md_ctx.get(), kMsg, sizeof(kMsg)));

  // Determine the size of the signature.
  size_t sig_len = 0;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSignFinal(md_ctx.get(), nullptr, &sig_len));

  // Sanity check for testing.
  EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(EVP_PKEY_size(pkey.get())), sig_len);

  std::vector<uint8_t> sig;
  sig.resize(sig_len);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSignFinal(md_ctx.get(), sig.data(), &sig_len));
  sig.resize(sig_len);

  // Ensure that the signature round-trips.
  md_ctx.Reset();
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestVerifyInit(md_ctx.get(), nullptr, EVP_sha256(), nullptr,
                                   pkey.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestVerifyUpdate(md_ctx.get(), kMsg, sizeof(kMsg)));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestVerifyFinal(md_ctx.get(), sig.data(), sig_len));
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, DigestVerifyInit) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey = LoadExampleRSAKey();
  ScopedEVP_MD_CTX md_ctx;
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestVerifyInit(md_ctx.get(), nullptr, EVP_sha256(), nullptr,
                                   pkey.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestVerifyUpdate(md_ctx.get(), kMsg, sizeof(kMsg)));
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      EVP_DigestVerifyFinal(md_ctx.get(), kSignature, sizeof(kSignature)));
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, VerifyRecover) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey = LoadExampleRSAKey();
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  UniquePtr<RSA> rsa(EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pkey.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(rsa);

  const uint8_t kDummyHash[32] = {0};
  uint8_t sig[2048/8];
  unsigned sig_len = sizeof(sig);
  ASSERT_TRUE(RSA_sign(NID_sha256, kDummyHash, sizeof(kDummyHash), sig,
                       &sig_len, rsa.get()));

  size_t out_len;
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> ctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey.get(), nullptr));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_verify_recover_init(ctx.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_rsa_padding(ctx.get(), RSA_PKCS1_PADDING));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md(ctx.get(), EVP_sha256()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      EVP_PKEY_verify_recover(ctx.get(), nullptr, &out_len, sig, sig_len));

  std::vector<uint8_t> recovered;
  recovered.resize(out_len);

  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_verify_recover(ctx.get(), recovered.data(), &out_len,
                                      sig, sig_len));
  EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(kDummyHash), Bytes(recovered.data(), out_len));

  out_len = recovered.size();
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md(ctx.get(), nullptr));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_verify_recover(ctx.get(), recovered.data(), &out_len,
                                      sig, sig_len));

  // The size of a SHA-256 hash plus PKCS#1 v1.5 ASN.1 stuff happens to be 51
  // bytes.
  EXPECT_EQ(51u, out_len);
}

static void TestValidPrivateKey(Span<const uint8_t> input, int expected_id) {
  const uint8_t *p = input.data();
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(d2i_AutoPrivateKey(nullptr, &p, input.size()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_has_private(pkey.get()), 1);
  EXPECT_EQ(input.data() + input.size(), p);
  EXPECT_EQ(expected_id, EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()));
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, d2i_AutoPrivateKey) {
  TestValidPrivateKey(kExampleRSAKeyDER, EVP_PKEY_RSA);
  TestValidPrivateKey(kExampleRSAKeyPKCS8, EVP_PKEY_RSA);
  TestValidPrivateKey(kExampleECKeyDER, EVP_PKEY_EC);
  TestValidPrivateKey(kExampleECKeyPKCS8, EVP_PKEY_EC);
  TestValidPrivateKey(kExampleECKeySpecifiedCurvePKCS8, EVP_PKEY_EC);
  TestValidPrivateKey(kExampleDSAKeyDER, EVP_PKEY_DSA);

  const uint8_t *p = kInvalidPrivateKey;
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(
      d2i_AutoPrivateKey(nullptr, &p, sizeof(kInvalidPrivateKey)));
  EXPECT_FALSE(pkey) << "Parsed invalid private key";
  ERR_clear_error();
}

static UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> ParsePrivateKey(int type, Span<const uint8_t> in) {
  const uint8_t *ptr = in.data();
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(d2i_PrivateKey(type, nullptr, &ptr, in.size()));
  if (!pkey) {
    return nullptr;
  }

  EXPECT_EQ(in.data() + in.size(), ptr);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_has_private(pkey.get()), 1);
  return pkey;
}

static std::string PrintToString(const EVP_PKEY *pkey, int indent,
                                 int (*print_func)(BIO *out,
                                                   const EVP_PKEY *pkey,
                                                   int indent,
                                                   ASN1_PCTX *pctx)) {
  UniquePtr<BIO> bio(BIO_new(BIO_s_mem()));
  const uint8_t *data;
  size_t len;
  if (!bio || !print_func(bio.get(), pkey, indent, nullptr) ||
      !BIO_mem_contents(bio.get(), &data, &len)) {
    ADD_FAILURE() << "Error printing.";
    return "";
  }
  return std::string(data, data + len);
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, Print) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> rsa = ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_RSA, kExampleRSAKeyDER);
  ASSERT_TRUE(rsa);
  EXPECT_EQ(PrintToString(rsa.get(), /*indent=*/2, &EVP_PKEY_print_params),
            "  Parameters algorithm unsupported\n");
  EXPECT_EQ(PrintToString(rsa.get(), /*indent=*/2, &EVP_PKEY_print_public),
            R"(  Public-Key: (1024 bit)
  Modulus:
      00:f8:b8:6c:83:b4:bc:d9:a8:57:c0:a5:b4:59:76:
      8c:54:1d:79:eb:22:52:04:7e:d3:37:eb:41:fd:83:
      f9:f0:a6:85:15:34:75:71:5a:84:a8:3c:d2:ef:5a:
      4e:d3:de:97:8a:dd:ff:bb:cf:0a:aa:86:92:be:b8:
      50:e4:cd:6f:80:33:30:76:13:8f:ca:7b:dc:ec:5a:
      ca:63:c7:03:25:ef:a8:8a:83:58:76:20:fa:16:77:
      d7:79:92:63:01:48:1a:d8:7b:67:f1:52:55:49:4e:
      d6:6e:4a:5c:d7:7a:37:36:0c:de:dd:8f:44:e8:c2:
      a7:2c:2b:b5:af:64:4b:61:07
  Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
)");
  EXPECT_EQ(PrintToString(rsa.get(), /*indent=*/2, &EVP_PKEY_print_private),
            R"(  Private-Key: (1024 bit)
  modulus:
      00:f8:b8:6c:83:b4:bc:d9:a8:57:c0:a5:b4:59:76:
      8c:54:1d:79:eb:22:52:04:7e:d3:37:eb:41:fd:83:
      f9:f0:a6:85:15:34:75:71:5a:84:a8:3c:d2:ef:5a:
      4e:d3:de:97:8a:dd:ff:bb:cf:0a:aa:86:92:be:b8:
      50:e4:cd:6f:80:33:30:76:13:8f:ca:7b:dc:ec:5a:
      ca:63:c7:03:25:ef:a8:8a:83:58:76:20:fa:16:77:
      d7:79:92:63:01:48:1a:d8:7b:67:f1:52:55:49:4e:
      d6:6e:4a:5c:d7:7a:37:36:0c:de:dd:8f:44:e8:c2:
      a7:2c:2b:b5:af:64:4b:61:07
  publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001)
  privateExponent:
      74:88:64:3f:69:45:3a:6d:c7:7f:b9:a3:c0:6e:ec:
      dc:d4:5a:b5:32:85:5f:19:d4:f8:d4:3f:3c:fa:c2:
      f6:5f:ee:e6:ba:87:74:2e:c7:0c:d4:42:b8:66:85:
      9c:7b:24:61:aa:16:11:f6:b5:b6:a4:0a:c9:55:2e:
      81:a5:47:61:cb:25:8f:c2:15:7b:0e:7c:36:9f:3a:
      da:58:86:1c:5b:83:79:e6:2b:cc:e6:fa:2c:61:f2:
      78:80:1b:e2:f3:9d:39:2b:65:57:91:3d:71:99:73:
      a5:c2:79:20:8c:07:4f:e5:b4:60:1f:99:a2:b1:4f:
      0c:ef:bc:59:53:00:7d:b1
  prime1:
      00:fc:7e:23:65:70:f8:ce:d3:40:41:80:6a:1d:01:
      d6:01:ff:b6:1b:3d:3d:59:09:33:79:c0:4f:de:96:
      27:4b:18:c6:d9:78:f1:f4:35:46:e9:7c:42:7a:5d:
      9f:ef:54:b8:f7:9f:c4:33:6c:f3:8c:32:46:87:67:
      30:7b:a7:ac:e3
  prime2:
      00:fc:2c:df:0c:0d:88:f5:b1:92:a8:93:47:63:55:
      f5:ca:58:43:ba:1c:e5:9e:b6:95:05:cd:b5:82:df:
      eb:04:53:9d:bd:c2:38:16:b3:62:dd:a1:46:db:6d:
      97:93:9f:8a:c3:9b:64:7e:42:e3:32:57:19:1b:d5:
      6e:85:fa:b8:8d
  exponent1:
      00:bc:3d:de:6d:d6:97:e8:ba:9e:81:37:17:e5:a0:
      64:c9:00:b7:e7:fe:f4:29:d9:2e:43:6b:19:20:bd:
      99:75:e7:76:f8:d3:ae:af:7e:b8:eb:81:f4:9d:fe:
      07:2b:0b:63:0b:5a:55:90:71:7d:f1:db:d9:b1:41:
      41:68:2f:4e:39
  exponent2:
      5a:34:66:d8:f5:e2:7f:18:b5:00:6e:26:84:27:14:
      93:fb:fc:c6:0f:5e:27:e6:e1:e9:c0:8a:e4:34:da:
      e9:a2:4b:73:bc:8c:b9:ba:13:6c:7a:2b:51:84:a3:
      4a:e0:30:10:06:7e:ed:17:5a:14:00:c9:ef:85:ea:
      52:2c:bc:65
  coefficient:
      51:e3:f2:83:19:9b:c4:1e:2f:50:3d:df:5a:a2:18:
      ca:5f:2e:49:af:6f:cc:fa:65:77:94:b5:a1:0a:a9:
      d1:8a:39:37:f4:0b:a0:d7:82:27:5e:ae:17:17:a1:
      1e:54:34:bf:6e:c4:8e:99:5d:08:f1:2d:86:9d:a5:
      20:1b:e5:df
)");

  // We don't support printing DSA keys.
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> dsa = ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_DSA, kExampleDSAKeyDER);
  ASSERT_TRUE(dsa);
  EXPECT_EQ(PrintToString(dsa.get(), /*indent=*/2, &EVP_PKEY_print_params),
            "  Parameters algorithm unsupported\n");
  EXPECT_EQ(PrintToString(dsa.get(), /*indent=*/2, &EVP_PKEY_print_public),
            "  Public Key algorithm unsupported\n");
  EXPECT_EQ(PrintToString(dsa.get(), /*indent=*/2, &EVP_PKEY_print_private),
            "  Private Key algorithm unsupported\n");

  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> ec = ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, kExampleECKeyDER);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ec);
  EXPECT_EQ(PrintToString(ec.get(), /*indent=*/2, &EVP_PKEY_print_params),
            "  ECDSA-Parameters: (P-256)\n");
  EXPECT_EQ(PrintToString(ec.get(), /*indent=*/2, &EVP_PKEY_print_public),
            R"(  Public-Key: (P-256)
  pub:
      04:e6:2b:69:e2:bf:65:9f:97:be:2f:1e:0d:94:8a:
      4c:d5:97:6b:b7:a9:1e:0d:46:fb:dd:a9:a9:1e:9d:
      dc:ba:5a:01:e7:d6:97:a8:0a:18:f9:c3:c4:a3:1e:
      56:e2:7c:83:48:db:16:1a:1c:f5:1d:7e:f1:94:2d:
      4b:cf:72:22:c1
)");
  EXPECT_EQ(PrintToString(ec.get(), /*indent=*/2, &EVP_PKEY_print_private),
            R"(  Private-Key: (P-256)
  priv:
      07:0f:08:72:7a:d4:a0:4a:9c:dd:59:c9:4d:89:68:
      77:08:b5:6f:c9:5d:30:77:0e:e8:d1:c9:ce:0a:8b:
      b4:6a
  pub:
      04:e6:2b:69:e2:bf:65:9f:97:be:2f:1e:0d:94:8a:
      4c:d5:97:6b:b7:a9:1e:0d:46:fb:dd:a9:a9:1e:9d:
      dc:ba:5a:01:e7:d6:97:a8:0a:18:f9:c3:c4:a3:1e:
      56:e2:7c:83:48:db:16:1a:1c:f5:1d:7e:f1:94:2d:
      4b:cf:72:22:c1
)");
}

// Tests loading a bad key in PKCS8 format.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, BadECKey) {
  const uint8_t *derp = kExampleBadECKeyDER;
  UniquePtr<PKCS8_PRIV_KEY_INFO> p8inf(
      d2i_PKCS8_PRIV_KEY_INFO(nullptr, &derp, sizeof(kExampleBadECKeyDER)));
  ASSERT_TRUE(p8inf);
  EXPECT_EQ(kExampleBadECKeyDER + sizeof(kExampleBadECKeyDER), derp);

  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(EVP_PKCS82PKEY(p8inf.get()));
  ASSERT_FALSE(pkey) << "Imported invalid EC key";
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({
      {ERR_LIB_EC, EC_R_INVALID_SCALAR},
      {ERR_LIB_EC, EC_R_INVALID_PRIVATE_KEY},
      {ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_DECODE_ERROR},
  }));
}

// Tests `EVP_marshal_public_key` on an empty key.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, MarshalEmptyPublicKey) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> empty(EVP_PKEY_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(empty);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_has_public(empty.get()), 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_has_private(empty.get()), 0);

  ScopedCBB cbb;
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_marshal_public_key(cbb.get(), empty.get()))
      << "Marshalled empty public key.";
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorEquals(ERR_peek_last_error(), ERR_LIB_EVP,
                          EVP_R_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM));
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, d2i_PrivateKey) {
  EXPECT_TRUE(ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_RSA, kExampleRSAKeyDER));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_DSA, kExampleDSAKeyDER));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_RSA, kExampleRSAKeyPKCS8));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, kExampleECKeyDER));

  EXPECT_FALSE(ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, kExampleBadECKeyDER));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({
      {ERR_LIB_EC, EC_R_INVALID_SCALAR},
      {ERR_LIB_EC, EC_R_INVALID_PRIVATE_KEY},
      {ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_DECODE_ERROR},
  }));

  // Copy the input into a `malloc`'d vector to flag memory errors.
  std::vector<uint8_t> copy(
      kExampleBadECKeyDER2,
      kExampleBadECKeyDER2 + sizeof(kExampleBadECKeyDER2));
  EXPECT_FALSE(ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, copy));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_DECODE_ERROR}}));

  // Test that an RSA key may not be imported as an EC key.
  EXPECT_FALSE(ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, kExampleRSAKeyPKCS8));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_DIFFERENT_KEY_TYPES}}));
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, Ed25519) {
  static const uint8_t kPublicKey[32] = {
      0xd7, 0x5a, 0x98, 0x01, 0x82, 0xb1, 0x0a, 0xb7, 0xd5, 0x4b, 0xfe,
      0xd3, 0xc9, 0x64, 0x07, 0x3a, 0x0e, 0xe1, 0x72, 0xf3, 0xda, 0xa6,
      0x23, 0x25, 0xaf, 0x02, 0x1a, 0x68, 0xf7, 0x07, 0x51, 0x1a,
  };

  static const uint8_t kPublicKeySPKI[] = {
      0x30, 0x2a, 0x30, 0x05, 0x06, 0x03, 0x2b, 0x65, 0x70, 0x03, 0x21,
      0x00, 0xd7, 0x5a, 0x98, 0x01, 0x82, 0xb1, 0x0a, 0xb7, 0xd5, 0x4b,
      0xfe, 0xd3, 0xc9, 0x64, 0x07, 0x3a, 0x0e, 0xe1, 0x72, 0xf3, 0xda,
      0xa6, 0x23, 0x25, 0xaf, 0x02, 0x1a, 0x68, 0xf7, 0x07, 0x51, 0x1a,
  };

  static const uint8_t kPrivateKeySeed[32] = {
      0x9d, 0x61, 0xb1, 0x9d, 0xef, 0xfd, 0x5a, 0x60, 0xba, 0x84, 0x4a,
      0xf4, 0x92, 0xec, 0x2c, 0xc4, 0x44, 0x49, 0xc5, 0x69, 0x7b, 0x32,
      0x69, 0x19, 0x70, 0x3b, 0xac, 0x03, 0x1c, 0xae, 0x7f, 0x60,
  };

  static const uint8_t kPrivateKeyPKCS8[] = {
      0x30, 0x2e, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x30, 0x05, 0x06, 0x03, 0x2b, 0x65, 0x70,
      0x04, 0x22, 0x04, 0x20, 0x9d, 0x61, 0xb1, 0x9d, 0xef, 0xfd, 0x5a, 0x60,
      0xba, 0x84, 0x4a, 0xf4, 0x92, 0xec, 0x2c, 0xc4, 0x44, 0x49, 0xc5, 0x69,
      0x7b, 0x32, 0x69, 0x19, 0x70, 0x3b, 0xac, 0x03, 0x1c, 0xae, 0x7f, 0x60,
  };

  // Create a public key.
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pubkey(EVP_PKEY_from_raw_public_key(
      EVP_pkey_ed25519(), kPublicKey, sizeof(kPublicKey)));
  ASSERT_TRUE(pubkey);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_has_public(pubkey.get()), 1);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_ED25519, EVP_PKEY_id(pubkey.get()));

  // The public key must be extractable.
  uint8_t buf[32];
  size_t len;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(pubkey.get(), nullptr, &len));
  EXPECT_EQ(len, 32u);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(pubkey.get(), buf, &len));
  EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(buf, len), Bytes(kPublicKey));
  // Passing too large of a buffer is okay. The function will still only read
  // 32 bytes.
  len = 64;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(pubkey.get(), buf, &len));
  EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(buf, len), Bytes(kPublicKey));
  // Passing too small of a buffer is noticed.
  len = 31;
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(pubkey.get(), buf, &len));
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      ErrorEquals(ERR_get_error(), ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL));
  ERR_clear_error();

  // There is no private key.
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_has_private(pubkey.get()), 0);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key(pubkey.get(), nullptr, &len));
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      ErrorEquals(ERR_get_error(), ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_NOT_A_PRIVATE_KEY));
  ERR_clear_error();

  // The public key must encode properly.
  ScopedCBB cbb;
  uint8_t *der;
  size_t der_len;
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_init(cbb.get(), 0));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_marshal_public_key(cbb.get(), pubkey.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_finish(cbb.get(), &der, &der_len));
  UniquePtr<uint8_t> free_der(der);
  EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(kPublicKeySPKI), Bytes(der, der_len));

  // The public key must gracefully fail to encode as a private key.
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_init(cbb.get(), 0));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_marshal_private_key(cbb.get(), pubkey.get()));
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      ErrorEquals(ERR_get_error(), ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_NOT_A_PRIVATE_KEY));
  ERR_clear_error();
  cbb.Reset();

  // Create a private key.
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> privkey(EVP_PKEY_from_raw_private_key(
      EVP_pkey_ed25519(), kPrivateKeySeed, sizeof(kPrivateKeySeed)));
  ASSERT_TRUE(privkey);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_ED25519, EVP_PKEY_id(privkey.get()));

  // The private key must be extractable.
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key(privkey.get(), nullptr, &len));
  EXPECT_EQ(len, 32u);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key(privkey.get(), buf, &len));
  EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(buf, len), Bytes(kPrivateKeySeed));
  // Passing too large of a buffer is okay. The function will still only read
  // 32 bytes.
  len = 64;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key(privkey.get(), buf, &len));
  EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(buf, len), Bytes(kPrivateKeySeed));
  // Passing too small of a buffer is noticed.
  len = 31;
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key(privkey.get(), buf, &len));
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      ErrorEquals(ERR_get_error(), ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL));
  ERR_clear_error();
  // The public key must be extractable.
  len = 32;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(privkey.get(), buf, &len));
  EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(buf, len), Bytes(kPublicKey));

  // The public key must encode from the private key.
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_init(cbb.get(), 0));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_marshal_public_key(cbb.get(), privkey.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_finish(cbb.get(), &der, &der_len));
  free_der.reset(der);
  EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(kPublicKeySPKI), Bytes(der, der_len));

  // The private key must encode properly.
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_init(cbb.get(), 0));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_marshal_private_key(cbb.get(), privkey.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_finish(cbb.get(), &der, &der_len));
  free_der.reset(der);
  EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(kPrivateKeyPKCS8), Bytes(der, der_len));

  // Test EVP_PKEY_eq.
  EXPECT_EQ(1, EVP_PKEY_eq(pubkey.get(), privkey.get()));

  static const uint8_t kZeros[32] = {0};
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pubkey2(
      EVP_PKEY_from_raw_public_key(EVP_pkey_ed25519(), kZeros, sizeof(kZeros)));
  ASSERT_TRUE(pubkey2);
  EXPECT_EQ(0, EVP_PKEY_eq(pubkey.get(), pubkey2.get()));
  EXPECT_EQ(0, EVP_PKEY_eq(privkey.get(), pubkey2.get()));

  // Ed25519 may not be used streaming.
  ScopedEVP_MD_CTX ctx;
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      EVP_DigestSignInit(ctx.get(), nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, privkey.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_DigestSignUpdate(ctx.get(), nullptr, 0));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_DigestSignFinal(ctx.get(), nullptr, &len));
  ERR_clear_error();

  ctx.Reset();
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestVerifyInit(ctx.get(), nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
                                   privkey.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_DigestVerifyUpdate(ctx.get(), nullptr, 0));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_DigestVerifyFinal(ctx.get(), nullptr, 0));
  ERR_clear_error();

  // The buffer length to `EVP_DigestSign` is an input/output parameter and
  // should be checked before signing.
  ctx.Reset();
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      EVP_DigestSignInit(ctx.get(), nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, privkey.get()));
  len = 31;
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_DigestSign(ctx.get(), buf, &len, nullptr /* msg */, 0));
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      ErrorEquals(ERR_get_error(), ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL));
  ERR_clear_error();
}

static void ExpectRSAKey(const EVP_PKEY *pkey, int bits, uint64_t e) {
  ASSERT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey), EVP_PKEY_RSA);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_bits(pkey), bits);
  const BIGNUM *e_bn = RSA_get0_e(EVP_PKEY_get0_RSA(pkey));
  uint64_t e_seen;
  ASSERT_TRUE(BN_get_u64(e_bn, &e_seen));
  EXPECT_EQ(e_seen, e);
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, RSAKeygen) {
  // By default, we generate a 2048-bit RSA key.
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(EVP_PKEY_generate_from_alg(EVP_pkey_rsa()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  ExpectRSAKey(pkey.get(), 2048, RSA_F4);

  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> ctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_RSA, nullptr));
  ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx.get()));
  EVP_PKEY *pkey_raw = nullptr;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(ctx.get(), &pkey_raw));
  pkey.reset(pkey_raw);
  ExpectRSAKey(pkey.get(), 2048, RSA_F4);

  // Callers can specify a bit count.
  pkey.reset(EVP_RSA_gen(1024));
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  ExpectRSAKey(pkey.get(), 1024, RSA_F4);

  ctx.reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_RSA, nullptr));
  ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_rsa_keygen_bits(ctx.get(), 1024));
  pkey_raw = nullptr;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(ctx.get(), &pkey_raw));
  pkey.reset(pkey_raw);
  ExpectRSAKey(pkey.get(), 1024, RSA_F4);

  // Callers can specify bit count and e.
  ctx.reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_RSA, nullptr));
  ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_rsa_keygen_bits(ctx.get(), 1024));
  UniquePtr<BIGNUM> e(BN_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(e);
  ASSERT_TRUE(BN_set_u64(e.get(), 3));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_rsa_keygen_pubexp(ctx.get(), e.release()));
  pkey_raw = nullptr;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(ctx.get(), &pkey_raw));
  pkey.reset(pkey_raw);
  ExpectRSAKey(pkey.get(), 1024, 3);
}

static void ExpectECGroupOnly(const EVP_PKEY *pkey, int nid) {
  EC_KEY *ec = EVP_PKEY_get0_EC_KEY(pkey);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ec);
  const EC_GROUP *group = EC_KEY_get0_group(ec);
  ASSERT_TRUE(group);
  EXPECT_EQ(nid, EC_GROUP_get_curve_name(group));
  EXPECT_EQ(nid, EVP_PKEY_get_ec_curve_nid(pkey));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_has_public(pkey), 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_has_private(pkey), 0);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EC_KEY_get0_public_key(ec));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EC_KEY_get0_private_key(ec));
}

static void ExpectECGroupAndKey(const EVP_PKEY *pkey, int nid) {
  EC_KEY *ec = EVP_PKEY_get0_EC_KEY(pkey);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ec);
  const EC_GROUP *group = EC_KEY_get0_group(ec);
  ASSERT_TRUE(group);
  EXPECT_EQ(nid, EC_GROUP_get_curve_name(group));
  EXPECT_EQ(nid, EVP_PKEY_get_ec_curve_nid(pkey));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_has_public(pkey), 1);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_has_private(pkey), 1);
  EXPECT_TRUE(EC_KEY_get0_public_key(ec));
  EXPECT_TRUE(EC_KEY_get0_private_key(ec));
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, ECKeygen) {
  for (bool copy : {false, true}) {
    SCOPED_TRACE(copy);

    auto maybe_copy = [&](UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> *ctx) -> bool {
      if (copy) {
        ctx->reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_dup(ctx->get()));
      }
      return *ctx != nullptr;
    };

    // `EVP_PKEY_paramgen` may be used as an extremely roundabout way to get an
    // `EC_GROUP`.
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> ctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_EC, nullptr));
    ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_paramgen_init(ctx.get()));
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_ec_paramgen_curve_nid(ctx.get(),
                                                       NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    EVP_PKEY *raw = nullptr;
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_paramgen(ctx.get(), &raw));
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(raw);
    ExpectECGroupOnly(pkey.get(), NID_X9_62_prime256v1);

    // That resulting `EVP_PKEY` may be used as a template for key generation.
    ctx.reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey.get(), nullptr));
    ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx.get()));
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    raw = nullptr;
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(ctx.get(), &raw));
    pkey.reset(raw);
    ExpectECGroupAndKey(pkey.get(), NID_X9_62_prime256v1);

    // `EVP_PKEY_paramgen` may also be skipped.
    ctx.reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_EC, nullptr));
    ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx.get()));
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_ec_paramgen_curve_nid(ctx.get(),
                                                       NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    raw = nullptr;
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(ctx.get(), &raw));
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey2(raw);
    ExpectECGroupAndKey(pkey2.get(), NID_X9_62_prime256v1);

    // The two keys should compare as different.
    EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_eq(pkey.get(), pkey2.get()), 0);

    // Keys of different groups should also compare as different.
    ctx.reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_EC, nullptr));
    ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx.get()));
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    ASSERT_TRUE(
        EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_ec_paramgen_curve_nid(ctx.get(), NID_secp384r1));
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    raw = nullptr;
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(ctx.get(), &raw));
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey3(raw);
    ExpectECGroupAndKey(pkey3.get(), NID_secp384r1);
    EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_eq(pkey.get(), pkey3.get()), 0);

    // The algorithm-based API provides a much, much easier keygen API.
    pkey.reset(EVP_PKEY_generate_from_alg(EVP_pkey_ec_p256()));
    ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
    ExpectECGroupAndKey(pkey.get(), NID_X9_62_prime256v1);

    pkey.reset(EVP_PKEY_generate_from_alg(EVP_pkey_ec_p384()));
    ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
    ExpectECGroupAndKey(pkey.get(), NID_secp384r1);
  }
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, DHKeygen) {
  // Set up some DH params in an `EVP_PKEY`. There is currently no API to do
  // this from EVP directly.
  UniquePtr<BIGNUM> p(BN_get_rfc3526_prime_1536(nullptr));
  ASSERT_TRUE(p);
  UniquePtr<BIGNUM> g(BN_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(g);
  ASSERT_TRUE(BN_set_u64(g.get(), 2));
  UniquePtr<DH> params_dh(DH_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(params_dh);
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      DH_set0_pqg(params_dh.get(), p.release(), /*q=*/nullptr, g.release()));
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> params(EVP_PKEY_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(params);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_set1_DH(params.get(), params_dh.get()));

  for (bool copy : {false, true}) {
    SCOPED_TRACE(copy);

    auto maybe_copy = [&](UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> *ctx) -> bool {
      if (copy) {
        ctx->reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_dup(ctx->get()));
      }
      return *ctx != nullptr;
    };

    // `params` may be used as a template for key generation.
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> ctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(params.get(), nullptr));
    ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx.get()));
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    EVP_PKEY *raw = nullptr;
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(ctx.get(), &raw));
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(raw);

    EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_DH);
    const DH *dh = EVP_PKEY_get0_DH(pkey.get());
    EXPECT_EQ(0, BN_cmp(DH_get0_p(dh), DH_get0_p(params_dh.get())));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, BN_cmp(DH_get0_g(dh), DH_get0_g(params_dh.get())));
    EXPECT_FALSE(DH_get0_q(dh));
    EXPECT_TRUE(DH_get0_pub_key(dh));
    EXPECT_TRUE(DH_get0_priv_key(dh));
    EXPECT_EQ(1, EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(params.get(), pkey.get()));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, EVP_PKEY_eq(params.get(), pkey.get()));

    // Generate a second key.
    ctx.reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(params.get(), nullptr));
    ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx.get()));
    ASSERT_TRUE(maybe_copy(&ctx));
    raw = nullptr;
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(ctx.get(), &raw));
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey2(raw);

    EXPECT_EQ(1, EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(params.get(), pkey2.get()));
    EXPECT_EQ(1, EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(pkey.get(), pkey2.get()));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, EVP_PKEY_eq(pkey.get(), pkey2.get()));
  }
}

static void CheckSignAndVerify(EVP_PKEY *pkey) {
  auto msg = StringAsBytes("hello");
  ScopedEVP_MD_CTX ctx;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSignInit(ctx.get(), nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, pkey));
  size_t len;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSign(ctx.get(), nullptr, &len, msg.data(), msg.size()));
  std::vector<uint8_t> sig(len);
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      EVP_DigestSign(ctx.get(), sig.data(), &len, msg.data(), msg.size()));
  sig.resize(len);

  ctx.Reset();
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestVerifyInit(ctx.get(), nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, pkey));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestVerify(ctx.get(), sig.data(), sig.size(), msg.data(),
                               msg.size()));
}

// Test that `EVP_PKEY_keygen` works for Ed25519.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, Ed25519Keygen) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> pctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_ED25519, nullptr));
  ASSERT_TRUE(pctx);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(pctx.get()));
  EVP_PKEY *raw = nullptr;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(pctx.get(), &raw));
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(raw);
  CheckSignAndVerify(pkey.get());

  pkey.reset(EVP_PKEY_generate_from_alg(EVP_pkey_ed25519()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  CheckSignAndVerify(pkey.get());
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, MLDSAKeyGen) {
  const struct {
    int type;
    const EVP_PKEY_ALG *alg;
  } kAlgs[] = {
      {EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_44, EVP_pkey_ml_dsa_44()},
      {EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_65, EVP_pkey_ml_dsa_65()},
      {EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_87, EVP_pkey_ml_dsa_87()},
  };
  for (const auto &alg : kAlgs) {
    SCOPED_TRACE(alg.type);
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> ctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(alg.type, nullptr));
    ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx.get()));
    EVP_PKEY *raw = nullptr;
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(ctx.get(), &raw));
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(raw);

    // The key should be functional. Test that we can round-trip a signature.
    EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), alg.type);
    CheckSignAndVerify(pkey.get());

    // Generate a second key. They should be different.
    ctx.reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(alg.type, nullptr));
    ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx.get()));
    raw = nullptr;
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_keygen(ctx.get(), &raw));
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey2(raw);

    EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey2.get()), alg.type);
    CheckSignAndVerify(pkey2.get());
    EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_eq(pkey.get(), pkey2.get()), 0);

    // The less messy API should also work.
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey3(EVP_PKEY_generate_from_alg(alg.alg));
    ASSERT_TRUE(pkey3);
    EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey3.get()), alg.type);
    CheckSignAndVerify(pkey3.get());
    EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_eq(pkey.get(), pkey3.get()), 0);
  }
}

// Test that OpenSSL's legacy TLS-specific APIs in EVP work correctly. When we
// target OpenSSL 3.0, these should be renamed to
// `EVP_PKEY_get1_encoded_public_key`.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, TLSEncodedPoint) {
  const struct {
    int pkey_type;
    std::vector<uint8_t> spki;
    std::vector<uint8_t> encoded_point;
  } kTests[] = {
      {EVP_PKEY_EC,
       {0x30, 0x59, 0x30, 0x13, 0x06, 0x07, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0xce, 0x3d, 0x02,
        0x01, 0x06, 0x08, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0xce, 0x3d, 0x03, 0x01, 0x07, 0x03,
        0x42, 0x00, 0x04, 0x2c, 0x15, 0x0f, 0x42, 0x9c, 0xe7, 0x0f, 0x21, 0x6c,
        0x25, 0x2c, 0xf5, 0xe0, 0x62, 0xce, 0x1f, 0x63, 0x9c, 0xd5, 0xd1, 0x65,
        0xc7, 0xf8, 0x94, 0x24, 0x07, 0x2c, 0x27, 0x19, 0x7d, 0x78, 0xb3, 0x3b,
        0x92, 0x0e, 0x95, 0xcd, 0xb6, 0x64, 0xe9, 0x90, 0xdc, 0xf0, 0xcf, 0xea,
        0x0d, 0x94, 0xe2, 0xa8, 0xe6, 0xaf, 0x9d, 0x0e, 0x58, 0x05, 0x6e, 0x65,
        0x31, 0x04, 0x92, 0x5b, 0x9f, 0xe6, 0xc9},
       {0x04, 0x2c, 0x15, 0x0f, 0x42, 0x9c, 0xe7, 0x0f, 0x21, 0x6c, 0x25,
        0x2c, 0xf5, 0xe0, 0x62, 0xce, 0x1f, 0x63, 0x9c, 0xd5, 0xd1, 0x65,
        0xc7, 0xf8, 0x94, 0x24, 0x07, 0x2c, 0x27, 0x19, 0x7d, 0x78, 0xb3,
        0x3b, 0x92, 0x0e, 0x95, 0xcd, 0xb6, 0x64, 0xe9, 0x90, 0xdc, 0xf0,
        0xcf, 0xea, 0x0d, 0x94, 0xe2, 0xa8, 0xe6, 0xaf, 0x9d, 0x0e, 0x58,
        0x05, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x31, 0x04, 0x92, 0x5b, 0x9f, 0xe6, 0xc9}},
      {EVP_PKEY_X25519,
       {0x30, 0x2a, 0x30, 0x05, 0x06, 0x03, 0x2b, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x03, 0x21,
        0x00, 0xe6, 0xdb, 0x68, 0x67, 0x58, 0x30, 0x30, 0xdb, 0x35, 0x94,
        0xc1, 0xa4, 0x24, 0xb1, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x72, 0x66, 0x24, 0xec, 0x26,
        0xb3, 0x35, 0x3b, 0x10, 0xa9, 0x03, 0xa6, 0xd0, 0xab, 0x1c, 0x4c},
       {0xe6, 0xdb, 0x68, 0x67, 0x58, 0x30, 0x30, 0xdb, 0x35, 0x94, 0xc1,
        0xa4, 0x24, 0xb1, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x72, 0x66, 0x24, 0xec, 0x26, 0xb3,
        0x35, 0x3b, 0x10, 0xa9, 0x03, 0xa6, 0xd0, 0xab, 0x1c, 0x4c}}};
  for (const auto& test : kTests) {
    SCOPED_TRACE(test.pkey_type);
    SCOPED_TRACE(Bytes(test.spki));
    CBS spki;
    CBS_init(&spki, test.spki.data(), test.spki.size());
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> from_spki(EVP_parse_public_key(&spki));
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_spki);

    uint8_t *data;
    size_t len = EVP_PKEY_get1_tls_encodedpoint(from_spki.get(), &data);
    ASSERT_GT(len, 0u);
    EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(data, len), Bytes(test.encoded_point));
    OPENSSL_free(data);

    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> from_encoded_point(EVP_PKEY_new());
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_encoded_point);
    if (test.pkey_type == EVP_PKEY_EC) {
      // `EVP_PKEY_EC` should have been `EVP_PKEY_EC_P256`, etc., but instead
      // part of the type is buried inside parameters.
      ASSERT_TRUE(
          EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(from_encoded_point.get(), from_spki.get()));
    } else {
      ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_set_type(from_encoded_point.get(), test.pkey_type));
    }
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_set1_tls_encodedpoint(from_encoded_point.get(),
                                               test.encoded_point.data(),
                                               test.encoded_point.size()));

    ScopedCBB cbb;
    ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_init(cbb.get(), test.spki.size()));
    ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_marshal_public_key(cbb.get(), from_encoded_point.get()));
    EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(CBB_data(cbb.get()), CBB_len(cbb.get())), Bytes(test.spki));
  }
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, Parameters) {
  auto new_pkey_with_curve = [](int curve_nid) -> UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> {
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> ctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_EC, nullptr));
    EVP_PKEY *pkey = nullptr;
    if (!ctx ||  //
        !EVP_PKEY_paramgen_init(ctx.get()) ||
        !EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_ec_paramgen_curve_nid(ctx.get(), curve_nid) ||
        !EVP_PKEY_paramgen(ctx.get(), &pkey)) {
      return nullptr;
    }
    return UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY>(pkey);
  };

  // RSA keys have no parameters.
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> rsa = LoadExampleRSAKey();
  ASSERT_TRUE(rsa);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(rsa.get()));
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> rsa2 = LoadExampleRSAKey();
  ASSERT_TRUE(rsa2);
  // Two null parameters should compare as equal.
  EXPECT_EQ(1, EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(rsa.get(), rsa2.get()));

  // RSA-PSS keys have parameters.
  EVP_PKEY_ALG const *alg = EVP_pkey_rsa_pss_sha256();
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> rsa_pss_sha256(EVP_PKEY_from_private_key_info(
      kExampleRSAPSSKeySHA256, sizeof(kExampleRSAPSSKeySHA256), &alg, 1u));
  ASSERT_TRUE(rsa_pss_sha256);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(rsa_pss_sha256.get()));
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> rsa_pss_sha256_2(EVP_PKEY_from_private_key_info(
      kExampleRSAPSSKeySHA256, sizeof(kExampleRSAPSSKeySHA256), &alg, 1u));
  ASSERT_TRUE(rsa_pss_sha256_2);
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(rsa_pss_sha256.get(), rsa_pss_sha256_2.get()));
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(rsa_pss_sha256.get(), rsa_pss_sha256_2.get()));

  // RSA-PSS keys' parameters are not compatible with RSA keys.
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(rsa_pss_sha256.get(), rsa.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(rsa_pss_sha256.get(), rsa.get()));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_DIFFERENT_KEY_TYPES}}));

  // Different RSA-PSS key types are not compatible.
  alg = EVP_pkey_rsa_pss_sha384();
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> rsa_pss_sha384(EVP_PKEY_from_private_key_info(
      kExampleRSAPSSKeySHA384, sizeof(kExampleRSAPSSKeySHA384), &alg, 1u));
  ASSERT_TRUE(rsa_pss_sha384);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(rsa_pss_sha384.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(rsa_pss_sha256.get(), rsa_pss_sha384.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(rsa_pss_sha256.get(), rsa_pss_sha384.get()));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_DIFFERENT_PARAMETERS}}));

  // EC keys have parameters, but it is possible to initialize an `EVP_PKEY`
  // with a completely empty `EC_KEY`.
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> ec_no_params(EVP_PKEY_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(ec_no_params);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_assign_EC_KEY(ec_no_params.get(), EC_KEY_new()));
  EXPECT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(ec_no_params.get()));

  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> p256 = new_pkey_with_curve(NID_X9_62_prime256v1);
  ASSERT_TRUE(p256);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(p256.get()));

  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> p256_2 = new_pkey_with_curve(NID_X9_62_prime256v1);
  ASSERT_TRUE(p256_2);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(p256_2.get()));

  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> p384 = new_pkey_with_curve(NID_secp384r1);
  ASSERT_TRUE(p384);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(p384.get()));

  EXPECT_EQ(1, EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(p256.get(), p256_2.get()));
  EXPECT_EQ(0, EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(p256.get(), p384.get()));

  // Copying parameters onto a curve-less EC key works.
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(ec_no_params.get(), p256.get()));
  EXPECT_EQ(1, EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(p256.get(), ec_no_params.get()));

  // No-op copies silently succeed.
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(ec_no_params.get(), p256.get()));
  EXPECT_EQ(1, EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(p256.get(), ec_no_params.get()));

  // Copying parameters onto a type-less key works.
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(EVP_PKEY_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(pkey.get(), p256.get()));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_EC, EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()));
  EXPECT_EQ(1, EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(p256.get(), pkey.get()));

  // `EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters` cannot change a key's type or curve.
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(rsa.get(), p256.get()));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_DIFFERENT_KEY_TYPES}}));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_RSA, EVP_PKEY_id(rsa.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(rsa.get(), p256.get()));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_DIFFERENT_KEY_TYPES}}));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_RSA, EVP_PKEY_id(rsa.get()));
}

// Test copying parameters into an empty key. This should result in allocating a
// key for the receiving key, which did not already have one.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, CopyParamsIntoEmptyKey) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> dsa = ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_DSA, kExampleDSAKeyDER);
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> ec = ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, kExampleECKeyDER);

  for (const EVP_PKEY* from_pkey : {dsa.get(), ec.get()}) {
    SCOPED_TRACE(EVP_PKEY_id(from_pkey));
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_pkey);
    ASSERT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(from_pkey));

    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> to_pkey(EVP_PKEY_new());
    ASSERT_TRUE(to_pkey);
    ASSERT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_NONE, EVP_PKEY_id(to_pkey.get()));
    // EVP_PKEY_NONE has no parameters, so the params are not missing.
    ASSERT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(to_pkey.get()));
    ASSERT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_has_private(to_pkey.get()));
    ASSERT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_has_public(to_pkey.get()));

    EXPECT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(to_pkey.get(), from_pkey));
    EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(to_pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_id(from_pkey));
    EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(to_pkey.get()));
    // Only params are copied, not keys.
    EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_has_private(to_pkey.get()));
    EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_has_public(to_pkey.get()));
  }
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, CompareDifferentTypes) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> rsa = ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_RSA, kExampleRSAKeyDER);
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> dsa = ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_DSA, kExampleDSAKeyDER);
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> ec = ParsePrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, kExampleECKeyDER);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_eq(rsa.get(), dsa.get()), 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_eq(rsa.get(), ec.get()), 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_eq(dsa.get(), ec.get()), 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(rsa.get(), dsa.get()), 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(rsa.get(), ec.get()), 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(dsa.get(), ec.get()), 0);
}

TEST(EVPExtraTest, RawKeyUnsupported) {
  static const uint8_t kKey[] = {1, 2, 3, 4};
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      EVP_PKEY_new_raw_public_key(EVP_PKEY_RSA, nullptr, kKey, sizeof(kKey)));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM}}));
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      EVP_PKEY_new_raw_private_key(EVP_PKEY_RSA, nullptr, kKey, sizeof(kKey)));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM}}));
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      EVP_PKEY_from_raw_public_key(EVP_pkey_rsa(), kKey, sizeof(kKey)));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM}}));
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      EVP_PKEY_from_raw_private_key(EVP_pkey_rsa(), kKey, sizeof(kKey)));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM}}));
}

// The default salt length for PSS should be `RSA_PSS_SALTLEN_DIGEST`.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, PSSDefaultSaltLen) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> key = LoadExampleRSAKey();
  ASSERT_TRUE(key);
  ScopedEVP_MD_CTX ctx;
  EVP_PKEY_CTX *pctx;
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      EVP_DigestSignInit(ctx.get(), &pctx, EVP_sha256(), nullptr, key.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_rsa_padding(pctx, RSA_PKCS1_PSS_PADDING));
  int salt_len;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_CTX_get_rsa_pss_saltlen(pctx, &salt_len));
  EXPECT_EQ(salt_len, RSA_PSS_SALTLEN_DIGEST);
}

// Test that setting a key to type none will clear it. Some calling code has
// unit tests that rely on this, usually as part of a roundabout way to get a
// key of the "wrong" type to test with. (In reality, `EVP_PKEY_new` will
// produce the same object.)
TEST(EVPExtraTest, SetNoneClearsKey) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey = LoadExampleRSAKey();
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  // EVP_PKEY_NONE is not a known type, so this should fail.
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_set_type(pkey.get(), EVP_PKEY_NONE));
  // However, it still resets the key to the initial state.
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_NONE);
  // Calling operations on the `EVP_PKEY` should cleanly fail.
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_bits(pkey.get()), 0);
}

// Test that `EC_KEY`s using custom curves can be wrapped in `EVP_PKEY`. Callers
// should not follow this code. This is maintained and tested only for
// compatibility with one legacy application, and supported in only a limited
// form. (E.g. such keys cannot be serialized.)
TEST(EVPExtraTest, CustomCurve) {
  // Coefficients for brainpoolp256r1, not supported by BoringSSL.
  static const char kP[] =
      "a9fb57dba1eea9bc3e660a909d838d726e3bf623d52620282013481d1f6e5377";
  static const char kA[] =
      "7d5a0975fc2c3057eef67530417affe7fb8055c126dc5c6ce94a4b44f330b5d9";
  static const char kB[] =
      "26dc5c6ce94a4b44f330b5d9bbd77cbf958416295cf7e1ce6bccdc18ff8c07b6";
  static const char kX[] =
      "8bd2aeb9cb7e57cb2c4b482ffc81b7afb9de27e1e3bd23c23a4453bd9ace3262";
  static const char kY[] =
      "547ef835c3dac4fd97f8461a14611dc9c27745132ded8e545c1d54c72f046997";
  static const char kN[] =
      "a9fb57dba1eea9bc3e660a909d838d718c397aa3b561a6f7901e0e82974856a7";
  static const char kD[] =
      "0da21d76fed40dd82ac3314cce91abb585b5c4246e902b238a839609ea1e7ce1";
  static const char kQX[] =
      "3a55e0341cab50452fe27b8a87e4775dec7a9daca94b0d84ad1e9f85b53ea513";
  static const char kQY[] =
      "40088146b33bbbe81b092b41146774b35dd478cf056437cfb35ef0df2d269339";

  // Construct a custom group.
  UniquePtr<BIGNUM> p = HexToBIGNUM(kP), a = HexToBIGNUM(kA),
                    b = HexToBIGNUM(kB), x = HexToBIGNUM(kX),
                    y = HexToBIGNUM(kY), n = HexToBIGNUM(kN),
                    d = HexToBIGNUM(kD), qx = HexToBIGNUM(kQX),
                    qy = HexToBIGNUM(kQY);
  ASSERT_TRUE(p && a && b && x && y && n && d && qx && qy);
  UniquePtr<EC_GROUP> group(
      EC_GROUP_new_curve_GFp(p.get(), a.get(), b.get(), nullptr));
  ASSERT_TRUE(group);
  UniquePtr<EC_POINT> g(EC_POINT_new(group.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(g);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EC_POINT_set_affine_coordinates_GFp(group.get(), g.get(), x.get(),
                                                  y.get(), nullptr));
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      EC_GROUP_set_generator(group.get(), g.get(), n.get(), BN_value_one()));

  // Generate a key with it.
  UniquePtr<EC_KEY> ec_key(EC_KEY_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(ec_key);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EC_KEY_set_group(ec_key.get(), group.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EC_KEY_generate_key(ec_key.get()));

  // Wrap it in an `EVP_PKEY`.
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(EVP_PKEY_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ec_key.get()));

  // Signing should work.
  Span<const uint8_t> msg = StringAsBytes("hello");
  ScopedEVP_MD_CTX ctx;
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSignInit(ctx.get(), nullptr, EVP_sha256(), nullptr,
                                 pkey.get()));
  std::vector<uint8_t> sig(EVP_PKEY_size(pkey.get()));
  size_t len = sig.size();
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      EVP_DigestSign(ctx.get(), sig.data(), &len, msg.data(), msg.size()));
  sig.resize(len);

  // Verifying should work.
  ctx.Reset();
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestVerifyInit(ctx.get(), nullptr, EVP_sha256(), nullptr,
                                   pkey.get()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestVerify(ctx.get(), sig.data(), sig.size(), msg.data(),
                               msg.size()));

  // We will not serialize arbitrary groups, so serialization should fail.
  ScopedCBB cbb;
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_init(cbb.get(), 0));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_marshal_public_key(cbb.get(), pkey.get()));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EC, EC_R_UNKNOWN_GROUP}}));
  cbb.Reset();
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_init(cbb.get(), 0));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_marshal_private_key(cbb.get(), pkey.get()));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EC, EC_R_UNKNOWN_GROUP}}));
}

// APIs should avoid creating an `EVP_PKEY` that is missing its underlying data.
// In some cases, we are stuck with this due to OpenSSL compatibility, but it is
// preferable to reduce the number of kinds of half-empty states.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, NoHalfEmptyKeys) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(EVP_PKEY_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);

  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_set_type(pkey.get(), EVP_PKEY_RSA));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM}}));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_NONE);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey.get(), nullptr));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_NONE);

  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_set_type(pkey.get(), EVP_PKEY_EC));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM}}));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_NONE);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), nullptr));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_NONE);

  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_set_type(pkey.get(), EVP_PKEY_DH));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM}}));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_NONE);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_set1_DH(pkey.get(), nullptr));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_NONE);

  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_set_type(pkey.get(), EVP_PKEY_DSA));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear({{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM}}));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_NONE);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_set1_DSA(pkey.get(), nullptr));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(pkey.get()), EVP_PKEY_NONE);
}

// An empty key shouldn't crash on operations.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, EmptyKey) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> empty(EVP_PKEY_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(empty);

  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_is_opaque(empty.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_eq(empty.get(), empty.get()));
  EXPECT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_parameters_eq(empty.get(), empty.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(empty.get()));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_size(empty.get()), 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_bits(empty.get()), 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_id(empty.get()), EVP_PKEY_NONE);

  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key(empty.get(), nullptr, nullptr), 0);
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear(
      {{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED_FOR_THIS_KEYTYPE}}));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_get_private_seed(empty.get(), nullptr, nullptr), 0);
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear(
      {{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED_FOR_THIS_KEYTYPE}}));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(empty.get(), nullptr, nullptr), 0);
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear(
      {{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED_FOR_THIS_KEYTYPE}}));

  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_get1_tls_encodedpoint(empty.get(), nullptr), 0u);
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear(
      {{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED_FOR_THIS_KEYTYPE}}));
  EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_set1_tls_encodedpoint(empty.get(), nullptr, 0u), 0);
  EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorsAreAndClear(
      {{ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED_FOR_THIS_KEYTYPE}}));
}

// Due to an OpenSSL API flaw, it is possible to make a half-empty X25519 key.
// Using a key in this state is a caller error, but we gracefully handle this
// case.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, HalfEmptyX25519) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> half_empty(EVP_PKEY_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(half_empty);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_set_type(half_empty.get(), EVP_PKEY_X25519));

  // A half-empty key has nothing.
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_has_public(half_empty.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_has_private(half_empty.get()));

  // We cannot copy parameters from a half-empty key.
  EXPECT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(half_empty.get()));
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(EVP_PKEY_new());
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(pkey.get(), half_empty.get()));

  // A half-empty key cannot be serialized.
  ScopedCBB cbb;
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_init(cbb.get(), 0));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_marshal_public_key(cbb.get(), half_empty.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_marshal_private_key(cbb.get(), half_empty.get()));

  // A half-empty key cannot be used.
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> ctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(half_empty.get(), nullptr));
  EXPECT_FALSE(ctx);

  // Make a real key.
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> real_key(EVP_PKEY_generate_from_alg(EVP_pkey_x25519()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(real_key);

  // A half-empty key cannot be compared.
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_eq(half_empty.get(), half_empty.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_eq(half_empty.get(), real_key.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_eq(real_key.get(), half_empty.get()));

  // A half-empty cannot be the peer in a Diffie-Hellman operation.
  ctx.reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(real_key.get(), nullptr));
  ASSERT_TRUE(ctx);
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_derive_init(ctx.get()));
  EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_PKEY_derive_set_peer(ctx.get(), half_empty.get()));
}

// Test that parsers correctly handle trailing data.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, TrailingData) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey = LoadExampleRSAKey();
  ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);
  ScopedCBB cbb;
  ASSERT_TRUE(CBB_init(cbb.get(), 64));
  ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_marshal_public_key(cbb.get(), pkey.get()));

  std::vector<uint8_t> spki(CBB_data(cbb.get()),
                            CBB_data(cbb.get()) + CBB_len(cbb.get()));
  spki.push_back('a');

  // `EVP_parse_public_key` should accept trailing data and return the
  // remainder.
  CBS cbs(spki);
  pkey.reset(EVP_parse_public_key(&cbs));
  EXPECT_TRUE(pkey);
  EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(cbs), Bytes("a"));

  // `EVP_PKEY_from_subject_public_key_info` should not.
  const EVP_PKEY_ALG *alg = EVP_pkey_rsa();
  pkey.reset(EVP_PKEY_from_subject_public_key_info(spki.data(), spki.size(),
                                                   &alg, 1u));
  EXPECT_FALSE(pkey);
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      ErrorEquals(ERR_peek_last_error(), ERR_LIB_EVP, EVP_R_DECODE_ERROR));
}

// Tests that EVP_PKEY_(en|de)capsulate_init correctly handles the stub
// OSSL_PARAM struct.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, EncapsulateDecapsulateOsslParam) {
  OSSL_PARAM kOneEndParam[] = {OSSL_PARAM_END};
  OSSL_PARAM kTwoEndParams[] = {OSSL_PARAM_END, OSSL_PARAM_END};
  OSSL_PARAM kNotEndParam[] = {{"foo", 0, nullptr, 0, 0}};
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(EVP_PKEY_generate_from_alg(EVP_pkey_ml_kem_768()));
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> ctx;

  for (const auto init_func :
       {&EVP_PKEY_encapsulate_init, &EVP_PKEY_decapsulate_init}) {
    ctx.reset(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey.get(), nullptr));
    EXPECT_TRUE(init_func(ctx.get(), nullptr));
    EXPECT_TRUE(init_func(ctx.get(), kOneEndParam));
    EXPECT_TRUE(init_func(ctx.get(), kTwoEndParams));
    EXPECT_FALSE(init_func(ctx.get(), kNotEndParam));
    EXPECT_TRUE(ErrorEquals(ERR_peek_last_error(), ERR_LIB_EVP,
                            EVP_R_INVALID_PARAMETERS));
  }
}

// Test that APIs using the non-alg-based APIs also work when expected.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, NewRawKey) {
  struct {
    int type;
    const EVP_PKEY_ALG *alg;
    bool supports_raw_private_key;
  } kTests[] = {
      {EVP_PKEY_X25519, EVP_pkey_x25519(), true},
      {EVP_PKEY_ED25519, EVP_pkey_ed25519(), true},
      // ML-KEM and ML-DSA do not support raw private keys, only raw public
      // keys. OpenSSL interprets "raw private key" as the less efficient
      // semi-expanded representation, instead of seeds.
      {EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_44, EVP_pkey_ml_dsa_44(), false},
      {EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_65, EVP_pkey_ml_dsa_65(), false},
      {EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_87, EVP_pkey_ml_dsa_87(), false},
      {EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_768, EVP_pkey_ml_kem_768(), false},
      {EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_1024, EVP_pkey_ml_kem_1024(), false},
  };
  for (const auto &t : kTests) {
    SCOPED_TRACE(t.type);
    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(EVP_PKEY_generate_from_alg(t.alg));
    ASSERT_TRUE(pkey);

    {
      size_t len;
      ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(pkey.get(), nullptr, &len));
      std::vector<uint8_t> raw(len);
      ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(pkey.get(), raw.data(), &len));
      raw.resize(len);
      UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey2(
          EVP_PKEY_new_raw_public_key(t.type, nullptr, raw.data(), raw.size()));
      ASSERT_TRUE(pkey2);
      EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_eq(pkey.get(), pkey2.get()), 1);
    }

    if (t.supports_raw_private_key) {
      size_t len;
      ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key(pkey.get(), nullptr, &len));
      std::vector<uint8_t> raw(len);
      ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key(pkey.get(), raw.data(), &len));
      raw.resize(len);
      UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey2(EVP_PKEY_new_raw_private_key(
          t.type, nullptr, raw.data(), raw.size()));
      ASSERT_TRUE(pkey2);
      EXPECT_EQ(EVP_PKEY_eq(pkey.get(), pkey2.get()), 1);
    }
  }
}

// Test that an `EVP_MD_CTX` can be reconfigured across operations of the same
// and different type.
TEST(EVPExtraTest, ReconfigureMDContext) {
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> rsa = LoadExampleRSAKey();
  ASSERT_TRUE(rsa);
  UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> ed25519(EVP_PKEY_generate_from_alg(EVP_pkey_ed25519()));
  ASSERT_TRUE(ed25519);

  struct Operation {
    const char *name;
    std::function<void(EVP_MD_CTX *ctx)> init;
    std::function<void(EVP_MD_CTX *ctx, std::vector<uint8_t> *out)> finish;
    std::vector<uint8_t> expected = {};
  };
  Operation operations[] = {
      {"SHA-384",
       [](EVP_MD_CTX *ctx) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestInit_ex(ctx, EVP_sha384(), nullptr));
         EXPECT_EQ(EVP_MD_CTX_md(ctx), EVP_sha384());
         EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_MD_CTX_pkey_ctx(ctx));
       },
       [](EVP_MD_CTX *ctx, std::vector<uint8_t> *out) {
         unsigned len = 0;
         out->resize(EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE);
         ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestFinal_ex(ctx, out->data(), &len));
         out->resize(len);
       }},
      // A non-prehash-based signing algorithm.
      {"Sign Ed25519",
       [&](EVP_MD_CTX *ctx) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(
             EVP_DigestSignInit(ctx, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, ed25519.get()));
         EXPECT_FALSE(EVP_MD_CTX_md(ctx));
         EXPECT_TRUE(EVP_MD_CTX_pkey_ctx(ctx));
       },
       [](EVP_MD_CTX *ctx, std::vector<uint8_t> *out) {
         size_t sig_len = 0;
         ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSign(ctx, nullptr, &sig_len, nullptr, 0));
         out->resize(sig_len);
         ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSign(ctx, out->data(), &sig_len, nullptr, 0));
         out->resize(sig_len);
       }},
      // A prehash-based signing algorithm.
      {"Sign RSA PKCS#1",
       [&](EVP_MD_CTX *ctx) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSignInit(ctx, nullptr, EVP_sha256(), nullptr,
                                        rsa.get()));
         EXPECT_EQ(EVP_MD_CTX_md(ctx), EVP_sha256());
         EXPECT_TRUE(EVP_MD_CTX_pkey_ctx(ctx));
       },
       [](EVP_MD_CTX *ctx, std::vector<uint8_t> *out) {
         size_t sig_len = 0;
         ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSign(ctx, nullptr, &sig_len, nullptr, 0));
         out->resize(sig_len);
         ASSERT_TRUE(EVP_DigestSign(ctx, out->data(), &sig_len, nullptr, 0));
         out->resize(sig_len);
       }},
  };

  // Fill in the expected values. All the tests are deterministic.
  for (Operation &op : operations) {
    SCOPED_TRACE(op.name);
    ScopedEVP_MD_CTX ctx;
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(op.init(ctx.get()));
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(op.finish(ctx.get(), &op.expected));
  }

  for (const Operation &first_op : operations) {
    SCOPED_TRACE(first_op.name);
    for (const Operation &second_op : operations) {
      SCOPED_TRACE(second_op.name);
      for (bool finish_first_op : {false, true}) {
        SCOPED_TRACE(finish_first_op);

        // Configure `ctx` for `first_op`.
        ScopedEVP_MD_CTX ctx;
        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(first_op.init(ctx.get()));
        if (finish_first_op) {
          std::vector<uint8_t> out;
          ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(first_op.finish(ctx.get(), &out));
          EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(first_op.expected), Bytes(out));
        }

        // Reconfigure it for `second_op`.
        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(second_op.init(ctx.get()));
        std::vector<uint8_t> out;
        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(second_op.finish(ctx.get(), &out));
        EXPECT_EQ(Bytes(second_op.expected), Bytes(out));
      }
    }
  }
}

}  // namespace
BSSL_NAMESPACE_END